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* '''Cortex-A''' - '''Application processors'''. Designed for fully capable computers, running typical operating systems (Android, Windows, Linux, iOS). Those processors are found in anything from smartphones to tablets and laptops.
 
* '''Cortex-A''' - '''Application processors'''. Designed for fully capable computers, running typical operating systems (Android, Windows, Linux, iOS). Those processors are found in anything from smartphones to tablets and laptops.
 +
* '''Cortex-X''' - '''Application processors'''. Slightly enhanced version of the ''Cortex-A'' designs in order to to further optimize the Cortex-A design (in terms of [[PPA]]) for certain markets or workloads/
 
*  '''Cortex-R''' - '''Real-time processors'''. Designed for real-time operating systems with very deterministic behavior. Those cores are typically less powerful than the A series and are used for things such as controllers, factory equipment, medical devices, and other machines.  
 
*  '''Cortex-R''' - '''Real-time processors'''. Designed for real-time operating systems with very deterministic behavior. Those cores are typically less powerful than the A series and are used for things such as controllers, factory equipment, medical devices, and other machines.  
 
* '''Cortex-M''' - '''Microcontrollers'''. Designed for ultra-low power, typically small factor and low-performance systems. Those are found in cost-sensitive devices and electronics, automated systems, and many other embedded devices.
 
* '''Cortex-M''' - '''Microcontrollers'''. Designed for ultra-low power, typically small factor and low-performance systems. Those are found in cost-sensitive devices and electronics, automated systems, and many other embedded devices.
  
 
== Cores ==
 
== Cores ==
 +
{{see also|arm/versions|neoverse|zen}}
 
=== Cortex-A ===
 
=== Cortex-A ===
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;
Line 15: Line 17:
 
! Year !! colspan="4" | Low-power Performance
 
! Year !! colspan="4" | Low-power Performance
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2005]] || colspan="4" | {{armh|Cortex-A8|l=arch}}
+
| [[2005]] || colspan="4" | {{armh|Cortex-A8|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Tiger|l=arch}}'')
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2006]]  
+
| [[2006]] || colspan="4" |
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2007]] || colspan="4" | {{armh|Cortex-A9|l=arch}}
+
| [[2007]] || colspan="4" | {{armh|Cortex-A9|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Falcon|l=arch}}'')
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2008]]
+
| [[2008]] || colspan="4" |
 
|-
 
|-
−
! !! Ultra-low power !! High-efficiency !! Mainstream-performance !! High-performance
+
! !! Ultra-low power !! Mainstream-performance !! High-efficiency !! High-performance
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2009]] || {{armh|Cortex-A5|l=arch}} || || ||  
+
| [[2009]] || {{armh|Cortex-A5|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Sparrow|l=arch}}'') || || ||  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2010]] || || || || {{armh|Cortex-A15|l=arch}}
+
| [[2010]] || || || || {{armh|Cortex-A15|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Eagle|l=arch}}'')
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2011]] || || {{armh|Cortex-A7|l=arch}} || ||
+
| [[2011]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A7|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Kingfisher|l=arch}}'') ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2012]] || || {{armh|Cortex-A53|l=arch}} || || {{armh|Cortex-A57|l=arch}}
+
| [[2012]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A53|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Apollo|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A57|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Atlas|l=arch}}'')
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2013]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A12|l=arch}} ||
+
| [[2013]] || || {{armh|Cortex-A12|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Owl|l=arch}}'') || ||  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2014]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A17|l=arch}} ||
+
| [[2014]] || || {{armh|Cortex-A17|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Owl|l=arch}}'') || ||  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2015]] || {{armh|Cortex-A35|l=arch}} || || || {{armh|Cortex-A72|l=arch}}
+
| [[2015]] || {{armh|Cortex-A35|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Mercury|l=arch}}'') || || || {{armh|Cortex-A72|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Maia|l=arch}}'')
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2016]] || {{armh|Cortex-A32|l=arch}} || || || {{armh|Cortex-A73|l=arch}}
+
| [[2016]] || {{armh|Cortex-A32|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Minerva|l=arch}}'') || || || {{armh|Cortex-A73|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Artemis|l=arch}}'')
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2017]] || || {{armh|Cortex-A55|l=arch}} || || {{armh|Cortex-A75|l=arch}}
+
| [[2017]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A55|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Ananke|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A75|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Prometheus|l=arch}}'')
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2018]] || || || || {{armh|Cortex-A76|l=arch}}
+
| [[2018]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A65|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Helios|l=arch}}'') <hr>{{armh|Cortex-A65AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Helios-SL|l=arch}}'') <br>Zena 65AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]]) || {{armh|Cortex-A76|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Enyo|l=arch}}'') <hr>{{armh|Cortex-A76AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Enyo-SL|l=arch}}'') <br>Zena 76AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]])
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2019]] || || || || {{armh|Cortex-A77|l=arch}}
+
| [[2019]] || {{armh|Cortex-A34|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Metis|l=arch}}'') || || || {{armh|Cortex-A77|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Deimos|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2020]] || || || || {{armh|Cortex-A78|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hercules|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Cortex-A78C|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hera Prime|l=arch}}'') <hr>{{armh|Cortex-A78AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hercules-AE|l=arch}}'') <br>Zena 78AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]])
 +
|-
 +
| [[2021]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A510|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Klein|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A710|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Matterhorn|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2022]] || || || || {{armh|Cortex-A715|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Makalu|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2023]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A520|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hayes|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A720|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hunter|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2024]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A520AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hayes-AE|l=arch}}'') <br>Zena 520AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]]) || {{armh|Cortex-A720AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hunter-AE|l=arch}}'') <br>Zena 720AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]]) <hr>{{armh|Cortex-A725|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Chaberton|l=arch}}'') <!-- big.Mid.LITTLE with Logan and Hayes or as big.LITTLE • https://fuse.wikichip.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/arm-client-cores-roadmap-2025.png -->
 +
|-
 +
| [[2025]] || <s>{{armh|Cortex-A320|l=arch}}</s> (''IoT & AI'' ) <br>Lumex C1-Pico ([[#ARM Lumex|Lumex CSS]]) || || <s>{{armh|Cortex-A530|l=arch}}</s> (''{{armh|Nevis|l=arch}}'') <br>Lumex C1-Nano ([[#ARM Lumex|Lumex CSS]]) || <s>{{armh|Cortex-A730|l=arch}}</s> (''{{armh|Gelas|l=arch}}'') <br>Lumex C1-Pro ([[#ARM Lumex|Lumex CSS]])
 +
|-
 +
| [[2026]] || || || ||
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
{| border="0" cellpadding="5" width="75%"
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%" valign="top" align="left"|
 +
==== Cortex-M ====
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;
 +
|-
 +
! Year !! Core
 +
|-
 +
| [[2004]] || {{armh|Cortex-M3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Sandcat|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2005]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2006]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2007]] || {{armh|Cortex-M1|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Proteus|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2008]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2009]] || {{armh|Cortex-M0|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Swift|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2010]] || {{armh|Cortex-M4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Merlin|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2011]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2012]] || {{armh|Cortex-M0+|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Flycatcher|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2013]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2014]] || {{armh|Cortex-M7|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Pelican|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2015]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2016]] || {{armh|Cortex-M23|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Grebe|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Cortex-M33|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Teal|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2017]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2018]] || {{armh|Cortex-M35P|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Tahan|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2019]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2020]] || {{armh|Cortex-M55|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Yamin|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2021]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2022]] || {{armh|Cortex-M85|l=arch}} (''{{arm|Helium}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2023]] || {{armh|Cortex-M52|l=arch}} (Mizar)
 +
|-
 +
| [[2024]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2025]] || Orbis ([[#ARM Orbis|Orbis series]])
 +
|-
 +
| [[2026]] ||
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
|width="30%" valign="top" align="left"|
 +
==== Cortex-R ====
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;
 +
|-
 +
! Year !! Core
 +
|-
 +
| [[2004]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2005]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2006]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2007]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2008]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2009]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2010]] || {{armh|Cortex-R4|l=arch}}(F) <br>(''{{armh|Serval-E|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2011]] || {{armh|Cortex-R5|l=arch}}(F) <br>{{armh|Cortex-R7|l=arch}}(F)
 +
|-
 +
| [[2012]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2013]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2014]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2015]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2016]] || {{armh|Cortex-R8|l=arch}}(F) <br>{{armh|Cortex-R52|l=arch}}(F)
 +
|-
 +
| [[2017]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2018]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2019]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2020]] || {{armh|Cortex-R82|l=arch}}(F) (64-bit)
 +
|-
 +
| [[2021]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2022]] || {{armh|Cortex-R52+|l=arch}}(F)
 +
|-
 +
| [[2023]] ||
 +
|-
 +
| [[2024]] || {{armh|Cortex-R82AE|l=arch}} (64-bit)
 +
|-
 +
| [[2025]] || Zena 82AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]])
 +
|-
 +
| [[2026]] ||
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
|width="30%" valign="top" align="left"|
 +
==== Cortex-X ====
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;
 +
|-
 +
! Year !! Core
 +
|-
 +
| [[2020]] || {{armh|Cortex-X1|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hera|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Cortex-X1C|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hera-C|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2021]] || {{armh|Cortex-X2|l=arch}} <br>(''{{armh|Matterhorn-ELP|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2022]] || {{armh|Cortex-X3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Makalu-ELP|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2023]] || {{armh|Cortex-X4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hunter-ELP|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2024]] || <s>{{armh|Cortex-X5|l=arch}}</s> (''{{armh|Chaberton-ELP|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Cortex-X925|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Blackhawk|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2025]] || <s>{{armh|Cortex-X930|l=arch}}</s> (''{{armh|Travis|l=arch}}'') <br>Lumex C1-Ultra ([[#ARM Lumex|Lumex CSS]]) <br>Lumex C1-Premium (''{{armh|Alto|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
==== [[Neoverse]] ====
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;
 +
|- <!--
 +
| [[2015]] || {{armh|Cosmos|l=arch}} ([[Cortex]])
 +
|- -->
 +
! Year !! Core
 +
|-
 +
| [[2019]] || {{armh|Neoverse E1|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Helios|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse N1|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Ares|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2020]] || {{armh|Neoverse V1|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Zeus|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2021]] || {{armh|Neoverse E2|l=arch}} (''Genesis'')<br>{{armh|Neoverse N2|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Perseus|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2022]] || <!-- Neoverse CSS N2 (''Genesis'') <br>--> {{armh|Neoverse V2|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Demeter|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2023]] || {{armh|Neoverse E3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Aphrodite|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse N3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hermes|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse V3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Poseidon|l=arch}}'')
 +
|-
 +
| [[2024]] || Neoverse V3AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena V3AE]])<!--(''Poseidon-AE'')--><br>Neoverse VN<!--(''Poseidon-VN'')-->
 +
|-
 +
| [[2025]] || {{armh|Neoverse E4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Lycius|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse N4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Dionysus|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse V4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Adonis|l=arch}}'') <!--
 +
Neoverse CSS N4 (Ranger), Neoverse CSS V4 (Vega) -->
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
== Specifications ==
 +
*[https://en.namu.wiki/w/ARM%20Cortex-A%20시리즈#s-1 Spec.]
 +
 
 +
=== Cortex-A ===
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;
 +
|-
 +
! Year !! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]] !! {{arm|Versions|ISA}} !! Decoder !! Out-of-order <br>execution buffer !! ALU/FPU/LSU !! L1 Cache (KiB)<br>I (Instruction) + D (Data) || Performance<br>(per clock)
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="8" | Little Core target
 +
|-
 +
| [[2014]] || {{armh|Cortex-A53|l=arch}} || [[ARMv8]].0-A || 2-wide || unsupported || 2/1/1 || 8/64 + 8/64 || 82
 +
|-
 +
| [[2017]] || {{armh|Cortex-A55|l=arch}} || [[ARMv8]].2-A || 2-wide || unsupported || 2/2/2 || 16/64 + 16/64 || 89
 +
|-
 +
| [[2021]] || {{armh|Cortex-A510|l=arch}} || [[ARMv9]].0-A || 3-wide || unsupported || 3/2*/2 || 32/64 + 32/64 || -
 +
|-
 +
| [[2023]] || {{armh|Hayes|Cortex-A520|l=arch}} || [[ARMv9]].2-A || 3-wide || unsupported || 2/2*/2 || 32/64 + 32/64 || -
 +
|-
 +
| [[2025]] || {{armh|Cortex-A530|l=arch}} || [[ARMv9]].3-A || 3-wide || unsupported || // || + || -
 +
|-
 +
! colspan="8" | Big/Middle Core target
 +
|-
 +
| [[2014]] || {{armh|Cortex-A57|l=arch}} || [[ARMv8]].0-A || 3-wide || 128 || 2/2/2 || 48 + 32 || 127
 +
|-
 +
| [[2015]] || {{armh|Cortex-A72|l=arch}} || [[ARMv8]].0-A || 3-wide || 128 || 2/2/2 || 48 + 32 || 147
 +
|-
 +
| [[2016]] || {{armh|Cortex-A73|l=arch}} || [[ARMv8]].0-A || 2-wide || 128 || 2/2/2 || 64 + 32 || 157
 +
|-
 +
| [[2017]] || {{armh|Cortex-A75|l=arch}} || [[ARMv8]].2-A || 3-wide || 128 || 2/3/2 || 64 + 64 || 177
 +
|-
 +
| [[2018]] || {{armh|Cortex-A76|l=arch}} || [[ARMv8]].2-A || 4-wide || 128 || 3/2/2 || 64 + 64 || 265
 +
|-
 +
| [[2019]] || {{armh|Cortex-A77|l=arch}} || [[ARMv8]].2-A || 4-wide || 160 || 4/2/2 || 64 + 64 || 306
 +
|-
 +
| [[2020]] || {{armh|Cortex-A78|l=arch}} || [[ARMv8]].2-A || 4-wide || 160 || 4/2/3 || 32/64 + 32/64 || 325
 +
|-
 +
| [[2021]] || {{armh|Cortex-A710|l=arch}} || [[ARMv9]].0-A || 4-wide || - || // || 32/64 + 32/64 || -
 +
|-
 +
| [[2022]] || {{armh|Cortex-A715|l=arch}} || [[ARMv9]].0-A || 5-wide || 192 || // || 32/64 + 32/64 || -
 +
|-
 +
| [[2023]] || {{armh|Hunter|Cortex-A720|l=arch}} || [[ARMv9]].2-A || 5-wide || - || // || 32/64 + 32/64 || -
 +
|-
 +
| [[2024]] || {{armh|Chaberton|Cortex-A725|l=arch}} || [[ARMv9]].2-A || 5-wide || - || // || 32/64 + 32/64 || -
 +
|-
 +
| [[2025]] || {{armh|Cortex-A730|l=arch}} || [[ARMv9]].3-A || 5-wide || - || // || + || -
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
==== Comparison ====
 +
:;"LITTLE" core
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0px; width: 100%; text-align:center;
 +
|-
 +
! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]]
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A53|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A55|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A510|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A520|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A530|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
! Codename
 +
| ''{{armh|Apollo|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Ananke|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Klein|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Hayes|l=arch}}''
 +
| Lumex C1-Nano ''(Nevis)''
 +
|-
 +
! Peak clock speed
 +
| 2.3&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 2.1&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 2.0&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 2.0&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 2.0&nbsp;GHz
 +
|-
 +
! Architecture
 +
| [[ARMv8]].0-A
 +
| [[ARMv8]].2-A
 +
| [[ARMv9]].0-A
 +
| [[ARMv9]].2-A
 +
| [[ARMv9]].3-A
 +
|-
 +
! '''AArch'''
 +
| colspan="3" | 32-bit and 64-bit
 +
| colspan="2" | 64-bit
 +
|-
 +
! '''L1 (I + D)''' (KiB)
 +
| 8/64 + 8/64 KiB
 +
| 16/64 + 16/64 KiB
 +
| colspan="2" | 32/64 + 32/64 KiB
 +
| -
 +
|-
 +
! L2 Cache (KiB)
 +
| colspan="2" | 0–256 KiB
 +
| colspan="2" | 0–512 KiB
 +
| -
 +
|-
 +
! L3 Cache (MiB)
 +
| -
 +
| 0–4 MiB
 +
| 0–16 MiB
 +
| 0–32 MiB
 +
| 0–32 MiB
 +
|-
 +
! Decode width
 +
| colspan="2" | 2-way
 +
| 3-way
 +
| 3-way (2 ALU)
 +
| 3-way
 +
|-
 +
! Dispatch
 +
| colspan="2" | 8 Mops/cycle
 +
| -
 +
| -
 +
| -
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:;"big" core
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0px; width: 100%; text-align:center;
 +
|-
 +
! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]]
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A77|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A78|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A710|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A715|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A720|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A725|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-A730|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
! Codename
 +
| ''{{armh|Deimos|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Hercules|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Matterhorn|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Makalu|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Hunter|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Chaberton|l=arch}}''
 +
| Lumex C1-Pro ''(Gelas)''
 +
|-
 +
! Peak clock speed
 +
| 2.6&nbsp;GHz
 +
| colspan="4" | ~3.0&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 2.5&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 2.5&nbsp;GHz
 +
|-
 +
! Architecture
 +
| colspan="2" | [[ARMv8]].2-A
 +
| colspan="2" | [[ARMv9]].0-A
 +
| colspan="2" | [[ARMv9]].2-A
 +
| [[ARMv9]].3-A
 +
|-
 +
! AArch
 +
| -
 +
| colspan="2" | 32-bit and 64-bit
 +
| colspan="2" | 64-bit
 +
| colspan="2" | 64-bit
 +
|-
 +
! Max In-flight
 +
| 2x 160
 +
| 2x 160
 +
| ?
 +
| 2x 192+ <ref>{{cite book |title=Arm introduces Cortex-A715 |url=https://fuse.wikichip.org/news/6853/arm-introduces-the-cortex-a715/ |website=WikiChip Fuse |date=2022-06-28}}</ref>
 +
| ?
 +
| -
 +
| -
 +
|-
 +
! L0 (Mops entries)
 +
| -
 +
| colspan="2" | 1536
 +
| colspan="2" | 0
 +
| -
 +
| -
 +
|-
 +
! '''L1 (I + D)''' (KiB)
 +
| 64 + 64 KiB
 +
| colspan="4" | 32/64 + 32/64 KiB
 +
| 64 + 64 KiB
 +
| -
 +
|-
 +
! L2 Cache (KiB)
 +
| 256–512 KiB
 +
| colspan="4" | 128–512 KiB
 +
| 0.25–1 MiB <ref>{{cite book |title=Arm launches next gen big core Cortex-A725 |website=WikiChip Fuse |url=https://fuse.wikichip.org/news/7829/arm-launches-next-gen-big-core-cortex-a725/ |date=2024-05-29}}</ref><!-- From 32K/512K/8M L1/2/3 on the Cortex-A720 to 64K/1M/16M L1/2/3 on the new Cortex-A725 ? -->
 +
| -
 +
|-
 +
! L3 Cache (MiB)
 +
| 0–4 MiB
 +
| 0–8 MiB
 +
| colspan="2" | 0–16 MiB
 +
| colspan="2" | 0–32 MiB <ref>{{cite book |title=Arm introduces a new big core Cortex-A720 |website=WikiChip Fuse |url=https://fuse.wikichip.org/news/7529/arm-introduces-a-new-big-core-the-cortex-a720/ |date=2023-05-28}}</ref>
 +
| 0–32 MiB
 +
|-
 +
! Decode width
 +
| colspan="3" | 4-way
 +
| colspan="3" | 5-way
 +
| 5-way
 +
|-
 +
! Dispatch
 +
| colspan="2" | 6 Mops/cycle
 +
| colspan="2" | 5 Mops/cycle
 +
| ?
 +
| -
 +
| -
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
=== Cortex-X ===
 +
:;"Prime" core
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0px; width: 100%; text-align:center;
 +
|-
 +
! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]]
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-X1|l=arch}}(C)
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-X2|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-X3|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-X4|l=arch}} <!--
 +
! <s>{{armh|Cortex-X5|l=arch}}</s> -->
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-X925|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-X930|l=arch}}
 +
! {{armh|Cortex-X930|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
! Codename
 +
| ''{{armh|Hera|l=arch}}(-C)''
 +
| ''{{armh|Matterhorn-ELP|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Makalu-ELP|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Hunter-ELP|l=arch}}''
 +
| ''{{armh|Blackhawk|l=arch}}''<br><s>''({{armh|Chaberton-ELP|l=arch}})''</s>
 +
| Lumex C1-Ultra<br>''(Travis)''
 +
| Lumex C1-Premium<br>''(Alto)''
 +
|-
 +
! Peak clock speed
 +
| 3.0&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 3.0&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 3.2&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 3.3&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 3.6&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 4.1&nbsp;GHz
 +
| 4.1&nbsp;GHz
 +
|-
 +
! Architecture
 +
| [[ARMv8]].2-A
 +
| colspan="2" | [[ARMv9]].0-A
 +
| colspan="2" | [[ARMv9]].2-A
 +
| colspan="2" | [[ARMv9]].3-A
 +
|-
 +
! AArch
 +
| 32/64-bit
 +
| colspan="2" | 64-bit (SVE/SVE2)
 +
| colspan="2" | 64-bit (SVE/SVE2)
 +
| colspan="2" | 64-bit (SVE/SVE2/SME2)
 +
|-
 +
! Max in-flight
 +
| 2x 224 <ref>{{cite book |last=Schor |first=David |date=2020-05-26 |title=Arm Cortex-X1: The First From The Cortex-X Custom Program |url=https://fuse.wikichip.org/news/3543/arm-cortex-x1-the-first-from-the-cortex-x-custom-program/ |website=WikiChip Fuse}}</ref>
 +
| 2x 288
 +
| 2x 320
 +
| 2x 384
 +
| 2x 768 <ref>https://www.androidauthority.com/arm-cortex-x925-g925-explained-3445480/</ref>
 +
| colspan="2" | -
 +
|-
 +
! L0 (Mops entries)
 +
| colspan="2" | 3072 <ref>{{cite book |title=Arm's New Cortex-A78 and Cortex-X1 Microarchitectures: An Efficiency and Performance Divergence |url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/15813/arm-cortex-a78-cortex-x1-cpu-ip-diverging |website=www.anandtech.com}}</ref>
 +
| 1536
 +
| 0 <ref>{{cite book |title=Arm Cortex-X4, A720, and A520: 2024 smartphone CPUs deep dive |url=https://www.androidauthority.com/arm-cortex-x4-explained-3328008/ |website=Android Authority}}</ref>
 +
| -
 +
| colspan="2" | -
 +
|-
 +
! '''L1 (I + D)''' (KiB)
 +
| colspan="2" | 64 + 64 KiB
 +
| colspan="2" | 64 + 64 KiB
 +
| 64 + 64 KiB
 +
| colspan="2" | 64 + 128 KiB
 +
|-
 +
! L2 Cache (KiB)
 +
| colspan="3" | 0.25–1 MiB
 +
| 0.5–2 MiB
 +
| 2–3 MiB
 +
| colspan="2" | 2–3 MiB
 +
|-
 +
! L3 Cache (MiB)
 +
| 0–8 MiB
 +
| colspan="2" |0–16 MiB
 +
| colspan="2" |0–32 MiB
 +
| colspan="2" |0–32 MiB
 +
|-
 +
! Dispatch
 +
| colspan="3" | 8 Mops/cycle
 +
| colspan="2" | 10 Mops/cycle
 +
| colspan="2" | 10 Mops/cycle
 +
|-
 +
! Decode width
 +
| colspan="2" | 5-way
 +
| 6-way
 +
| colspan="2" | 10-way
 +
| colspan="2" | 10-way
 +
|-
 +
! ALU
 +
| colspan="2" | 4
 +
| 6
 +
| colspan="2" | 8
 +
| colspan="2" | 8
 +
|-
 +
! FP/SIMD
 +
| colspan="2" | 4
 +
| 4
 +
| 4
 +
| 6
 +
| colspan="2" | 6
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! DSU
 +
| colspan="2" | DSU-110
 +
| DSU-110
 +
| colspan="2" | DSU-120
 +
| colspan="2" | Lumex C1-DSU
 +
|-
 +
! GPU
 +
| colspan="2" | Mali-G710
 +
| Immortalis<br>-G715
 +
| Immortalis<br>-G720
 +
| Immortalis<br>-G925
 +
| colspan="2" | Mali G1-Ultra,<br>Mali G1-Premium, <br>Mali G1-Pro
 +
|-
 +
! Fabric
 +
| colspan="2" |  5 nm
 +
| 4 nm
 +
| 4 nm
 +
| 3 nm
 +
| colspan="2" | 3 nm
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
* [https://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/column/ubiq/2046162.html ARM Lumex CSS Platform]
 +
 
 +
=== Part numbers ===
 +
:;[[ARM]] • 0x41
 +
<!-- if (Implementer == "0x41") { // ARM Ltd.
 +
// The CPU part is a 3 digit hexadecimal number with a 0x prefix.
 +
// The values correspond to the "Part number" in the CP15/c0 register.
 +
// The contents are specified in the various processor manuals.
 +
// This corresponds to the Main ID Register in Technical Reference Manuals and
 +
// is used in programs like sys-utils return StringSwitch <const char *> (Part) -->
 +
 
 +
{| border="0" cellpadding="5" width="75%"
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%" valign="top" align="left"|
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0px; width: 95%; text-align:center;
 +
|-
 +
! Part number !! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]] 
 +
|-
 +
| 0x926 || ARM926EJ-S
 +
|-
 +
| 0xb02 || MPCore
 +
|-
 +
| 0xb36 || ARM1136J-S
 +
|-
 +
| 0xb56 || ARM1156T2-S
 +
|-
 +
| 0xb76 || ARM1176JZ-S
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc05 || {{armh|Cortex-A5|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc07 || {{armh|Cortex-A7|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc08 || {{armh|Cortex-A8|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc09 || {{armh|Cortex-A9|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc0f || {{armh|Cortex-A15|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc0e || {{armh|Cortex-A17|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc18 || Cortex-R8
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd13 || Cortex-R52
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd16 || Cortex-R52+
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd15 || Cortex-R82
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd14 || Cortex-R82AE °
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc20 || Cortex-M0
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc23 || Cortex-M3
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc24 || Cortex-M4
 +
|-
 +
| 0xc27 || Cortex-M7
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd20 || Cortex-M23
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd21 || Cortex-M33
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd24 || Cortex-M52
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd22 || {{armh|Cortex-M55|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd23 || Cortex-M85
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
|width="30%" valign="top" align="left"|
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0px; width: 95%; text-align:center;
 +
|-
 +
! Part number !! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]]
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd02 || {{armh|Cortex-A34|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd04 || {{armh|Cortex-A35|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd03 || {{armh|Cortex-A53|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd05 || {{armh|Cortex-A55|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd07 || {{armh|Cortex-A57|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd06 || {{armh|Cortex-A65|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd43 || Cortex-A65AE °
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd08 || {{armh|Cortex-A72|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd09 || {{armh|Cortex-A73|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd0a || {{armh|Cortex-A75|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd0b || {{armh|Cortex-A76|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd0e || Cortex-A76AE °
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd0d || {{armh|Cortex-A77|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd41 || {{armh|Cortex-A78|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd42 || Cortex-A78AE °
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd4b || Cortex-A78C
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd46 || {{armh|Cortex-A510|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd80 || {{armh|Cortex-A520|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd88 || Cortex-A520AE °
 +
|- <!--
 +
| 0xd8a || <s>Cortex-A530</s> <!-- Lumex C1-Nano -->
 +
|- -->
 +
| 0xd47 || {{armh|Cortex-A710|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd4d || {{armh|Cortex-A715|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd81 || {{armh|Cortex-A720|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd89 || Cortex-A720AE °
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd87 || {{armh|Cortex-A725|l=arch}}
 +
|- <!--
 +
| 0xd8b || <s>Cortex-A730</s> <!-- Lumex C1-Pro -->
 +
|- -->
 +
| 0xd8f || Cortex-A320 ^<!-- Lumex C1-Pico ? -->
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[2020]] || || || || {{armh|Hercules|l=arch}}
+
|}
 +
|width="30%" valign="top" align="left"|
 +
{| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0px; width: 95%; text-align:center;
 +
|-
 +
! Part number !! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]]  
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd44 || {{armh|Cortex-X1|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd4c || Cortex-X1C
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd48 || {{armh|Cortex-X2|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd4e || {{armh|Cortex-X3|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd82 || {{armh|Cortex-X4|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd85 || {{armh|Cortex-X925|l=arch}}
 +
|- <!--
 +
| 0xd8c || <s>Cortex-X930</s> <!-- Lumex C1-Ultra -->
 +
|- -->
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd8f || Lumex C1-Pico ? ^ <!-- ex Cortex-A320 ? -->
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd8a || Lumex C1-Nano ^ <!-- ex Cortex-A530 -->
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd8b || Lumex C1-Pro ^ <!-- ex Cortex-A730 -->
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd90 || Lumex C1-Premium <!-- Cortex-X930 (Alto) -->
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd8c || Lumex C1-Ultra ^ <!-- Cortex-X930 (Travis) -->
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd4a || {{armh|Neoverse E1|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd0c || {{armh|Neoverse N1|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd49 || {{armh|Neoverse N2|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd8e || {{armh|Neoverse N3|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd40 || {{armh|Neoverse V1|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd4f || {{armh|Neoverse V2|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd84 || {{armh|Neoverse V3|l=arch}}
 +
|-
 +
| 0xd83 || Neoverse-V3AE °
 +
|-
 +
|}
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
=== Cortex-R ===
+
Note: ''Orbis'' (ex Cortex-M) • [[#ARM Orbis|Orbis series]]
−
{{empty section}}
+
:° - ''Zena'' (ex Cortex-AxxAE) • [[#ARM Zena|Zena series]]
−
=== Cortex-M ===
+
:^ - ''Lumex'' C1 (ex Cortex-A/X) • [[#ARM Lumex|Lumex series]]
−
{{empty section}}
+
:+ - ''Neoverse'' • [[Neoverse|Neoverse series]]
 +
<!--
 +
<pre>
 +
*[https://gpages.juszkiewicz.com.pl/arm-socs-table/arm-cpu-cores.html Build info] • Table generated on 10 September 2025 07:42 UTC.
 +
 
 +
• CPU core name Architecture level ID number AArch32 support physical memory address size (bits) virtual memory address size (bits) supported page sizes SVE vector length
 +
 
 +
Cortex-A34 v8.0 0xd02 NO 40 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A53 v8.0 0xd03 EL0-EL3 40 4k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A35 v8.0 0xd04 EL0-EL3 40 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A55 v8.2 0xd05 EL0-EL3 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A65 v8.2 0xd06 NO 44 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A57 v8.0 0xd07 EL0-EL3 44 4k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A72 v8.0 0xd08 EL0-EL3 44 4k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A73 v8.0 0xd09 EL0-EL3 40 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A75 v8.2 0xd0a EL0-EL3 44 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A76 v8.2 0xd0b EL0 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Neoverse-N1 v8.2 0xd0c EL0 48 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A77 v8.2 0xd0d EL0 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A76AE v8.2 0xd0e EL0 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Neoverse-V1 v8.4 0xd40 EL0 48 48 4k, 16k, 64k 256
 +
Cortex-A78 v8.2 0xd41 EL0 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A78AE v8.2 0xd42 EL0 48 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A65AE v8.2 0xd43 NO 44 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-X1 v8.2 0xd44 EL0 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A510 v9.0 0xd46 NO/EL0 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Cortex-A710 v9.0 0xd47 EL0 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Cortex-X2 v9.0 0xd48 NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Neoverse-N2 v9.0 0xd49 EL0 48 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Neoverse-E1 v8.2 0xd4a NO 44 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A78C v8.2 0xd4b EL0 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-X1C v8.2 0xd4c EL0 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k
 +
Cortex-A715 v9.0 0xd4d NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Cortex-X3 v9.0 0xd4e NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Neoverse-V2 v9.0 0xd4f NO 48 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Cortex-A520 v9.2 0xd80 NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Cortex-A720 v9.2 0xd81 NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Cortex-X4 v9.2 0xd82 NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Neoverse-V3 v9.2 0xd84 NO 48 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Cortex-X925 v9.2 0xd85 NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Cortex-A725 v9.2 0xd87 NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
C1-Nano v9.3 0xd8a NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
C1-Pro v9.3 0xd8b NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
C1-Ultra v9.3 0xd8c NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Neoverse-N3 v9.2 0xd8e NO 48 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
Cortex-A320 v9.2 0xd8f NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
C1-Premium v9.3 0xd90 NO 40 48 4k, 16k, 64k 128
 +
</pre>
 +
-->
 +
 
 +
== ARM Lumex ==
 +
*[https://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/column/ubiq/2046162.html ARM Lumex CSS Platform]
 +
:• CPU: C1 • ARMv9.3-A, SME2, [[3 nm]]
 +
:;Lumex C1 series (mobile)
 +
*Lumex C1-Ultra • <s>Cortex-X930</s> (Travis)
 +
*Lumex C1-Premium • <s>Cortex-X930</s> (Alto)
 +
*Lumex C1-Pro • <s>Cortex-A730</s> (Gelas)
 +
*Lumex C1-Nano • <s>Cortex-A530</s> (Nevis)
 +
 
 +
:;Mali G1 series (GPU)
 +
:• GPU: Immortalis-G925 -> Mali G1
 +
* Mali G1-Ultra
 +
* Mali G1-Premium
 +
* Mali G1-Pro
 +
 
 +
== ARM Niva ==
 +
:PC, Notebooks
 +
 
 +
== ARM Orbis ==
 +
:Orbis series (IoT) • Cortex-M
 +
*Cortex-M0+ • Orbis Pico0+
 +
* Nano
 +
* Pro
 +
* Premium
 +
* Ultra
 +
 
 +
== ARM Zena ==
 +
:Automotive
 +
* Cortex-A65AE • ARMv8-A
 +
* Cortex-A76AE • ARMv8-A
 +
* Cortex-A78AE • ARMv8-A • Zena Premium 78AE
 +
* Cortex-R82AE • ARMv8-R
 +
* Cortex-A520AE • ARMv9-A
 +
* Cortex-A720AE • ARMv9-A
 +
* [[Neoverse]] V3AE • ARMv9-A
 +
* Mali-C720AE • GPU
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
−
* ARM {{arm|Versions}}
+
* [[ARM]] {{arm|Versions}}
−
* {{\\|Neoverse}}
+
* [[Cortex]] series
 +
* {{\\|Neoverse}} series (infrastructure)
 +
* Lumex series (mobile) • C1
 +
* Niva series (PC, notebooks)
 +
* Orbis series (IoT) • Cortex-M
 +
* Zena series (automotive) • AE
 +
 
 +
== References ==
  
 
[[category:arm holdings]]
 
[[category:arm holdings]]

Latest revision as of 11:05, 11 October 2025

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Cortex is a family of specialized ARM microarchitectures designed by Arm for various edge market such as embedded and mobile. The Cortex family succeed Arm's classic cores with more specialized cores with highly targeted requirements

Overview[edit]

Cortex is a family of ARM cores that address a broad set of markets. First announced in 2004, Cortex cores have replaced Arm's classic cores with more market-specific variations. Cortex can be broadly categorized into three types of workloads: Applications, Real-time, Microcontroller (A.R.M).

  • Cortex-A - Application processors. Designed for fully capable computers, running typical operating systems (Android, Windows, Linux, iOS). Those processors are found in anything from smartphones to tablets and laptops.
  • Cortex-X - Application processors. Slightly enhanced version of the Cortex-A designs in order to to further optimize the Cortex-A design (in terms of PPA) for certain markets or workloads/
  • Cortex-R - Real-time processors. Designed for real-time operating systems with very deterministic behavior. Those cores are typically less powerful than the A series and are used for things such as controllers, factory equipment, medical devices, and other machines.
  • Cortex-M - Microcontrollers. Designed for ultra-low power, typically small factor and low-performance systems. Those are found in cost-sensitive devices and electronics, automated systems, and many other embedded devices.

Cores[edit]

See also: arm/versions, neoverse, and zen

Cortex-A[edit]

Year Low-power Performance
2005 Cortex-A8 (Tiger)
2006
2007 Cortex-A9 (Falcon)
2008
Ultra-low power Mainstream-performance High-efficiency High-performance
2009 Cortex-A5 (Sparrow)
2010 Cortex-A15 (Eagle)
2011 Cortex-A7 (Kingfisher)
2012 Cortex-A53 (Apollo) Cortex-A57 (Atlas)
2013 Cortex-A12 (Owl)
2014 Cortex-A17 (Owl)
2015 Cortex-A35 (Mercury) Cortex-A72 (Maia)
2016 Cortex-A32 (Minerva) Cortex-A73 (Artemis)
2017 Cortex-A55 (Ananke) Cortex-A75 (Prometheus)
2018 Cortex-A65 (Helios)
Cortex-A65AE (Helios-SL)
Zena 65AE (Zena series) 		Cortex-A76 (Enyo)
Cortex-A76AE (Enyo-SL)
Zena 76AE (Zena series)
2019 Cortex-A34 (Metis) Cortex-A77 (Deimos)
2020 Cortex-A78 (Hercules)
Cortex-A78C (Hera Prime)
Cortex-A78AE (Hercules-AE)
Zena 78AE (Zena series)
2021 Cortex-A510 (Klein) Cortex-A710 (Matterhorn)
2022 Cortex-A715 (Makalu)
2023 Cortex-A520 (Hayes) Cortex-A720 (Hunter)
2024 Cortex-A520AE (Hayes-AE)
Zena 520AE (Zena series) 		Cortex-A720AE (Hunter-AE)
Zena 720AE (Zena series)
Cortex-A725 (Chaberton)
2025 Cortex-A320 (IoT & AI )
Lumex C1-Pico (Lumex CSS) 		Cortex-A530 (Nevis)
Lumex C1-Nano (Lumex CSS) 		Cortex-A730 (Gelas)
Lumex C1-Pro (Lumex CSS)
2026

Cortex-M[edit]

Year Core
2004 Cortex-M3 (Sandcat)
2005
2006
2007 Cortex-M1 (Proteus)
2008
2009 Cortex-M0 (Swift)
2010 Cortex-M4 (Merlin)
2011
2012 Cortex-M0+ (Flycatcher)
2013
2014 Cortex-M7 (Pelican)
2015
2016 Cortex-M23 (Grebe)
Cortex-M33 (Teal)
2017
2018 Cortex-M35P (Tahan)
2019
2020 Cortex-M55 (Yamin)
2021
2022 Cortex-M85 (Helium)
2023 Cortex-M52 (Mizar)
2024
2025 Orbis (Orbis series)
2026

Cortex-R[edit]

Year Core
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010 Cortex-R4(F)
(Serval-E)
2011 Cortex-R5(F)
Cortex-R7(F)
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016 Cortex-R8(F)
Cortex-R52(F)
2017
2018
2019
2020 Cortex-R82(F) (64-bit)
2021
2022 Cortex-R52+(F)
2023
2024 Cortex-R82AE (64-bit)
2025 Zena 82AE (Zena series)
2026

Cortex-X[edit]

Year Core
2020 Cortex-X1 (Hera)
Cortex-X1C (Hera-C)
2021 Cortex-X2
(Matterhorn-ELP)
2022 Cortex-X3 (Makalu-ELP)
2023 Cortex-X4 (Hunter-ELP)
2024 Cortex-X5 (Chaberton-ELP)
Cortex-X925 (Blackhawk)
2025 Cortex-X930 (Travis)
Lumex C1-Ultra (Lumex CSS)
Lumex C1-Premium (Alto)

Neoverse[edit]

Year Core
2019 Neoverse E1 (Helios)
Neoverse N1 (Ares)
2020 Neoverse V1 (Zeus)
2021 Neoverse E2 (Genesis)
Neoverse N2 (Perseus)
2022 Neoverse V2 (Demeter)
2023 Neoverse E3 (Aphrodite)
Neoverse N3 (Hermes)
Neoverse V3 (Poseidon)
2024 Neoverse V3AE (Zena V3AE)
Neoverse VN
2025 Neoverse E4 (Lycius)
Neoverse N4 (Dionysus)
Neoverse V4 (Adonis)

Specifications[edit]

Cortex-A[edit]

Year µArch ISA Decoder Out-of-order
execution buffer 		ALU/FPU/LSU L1 Cache (KiB)
I (Instruction) + D (Data) 		Performance
(per clock)
Little Core target
2014 Cortex-A53 ARMv8.0-A 2-wide unsupported 2/1/1 8/64 + 8/64 82
2017 Cortex-A55 ARMv8.2-A 2-wide unsupported 2/2/2 16/64 + 16/64 89
2021 Cortex-A510 ARMv9.0-A 3-wide unsupported 3/2*/2 32/64 + 32/64 -
2023 Cortex-A520 ARMv9.2-A 3-wide unsupported 2/2*/2 32/64 + 32/64 -
2025 Cortex-A530 ARMv9.3-A 3-wide unsupported // + -
Big/Middle Core target
2014 Cortex-A57 ARMv8.0-A 3-wide 128 2/2/2 48 + 32 127
2015 Cortex-A72 ARMv8.0-A 3-wide 128 2/2/2 48 + 32 147
2016 Cortex-A73 ARMv8.0-A 2-wide 128 2/2/2 64 + 32 157
2017 Cortex-A75 ARMv8.2-A 3-wide 128 2/3/2 64 + 64 177
2018 Cortex-A76 ARMv8.2-A 4-wide 128 3/2/2 64 + 64 265
2019 Cortex-A77 ARMv8.2-A 4-wide 160 4/2/2 64 + 64 306
2020 Cortex-A78 ARMv8.2-A 4-wide 160 4/2/3 32/64 + 32/64 325
2021 Cortex-A710 ARMv9.0-A 4-wide - // 32/64 + 32/64 -
2022 Cortex-A715 ARMv9.0-A 5-wide 192 // 32/64 + 32/64 -
2023 Cortex-A720 ARMv9.2-A 5-wide - // 32/64 + 32/64 -
2024 Cortex-A725 ARMv9.2-A 5-wide - // 32/64 + 32/64 -
2025 Cortex-A730 ARMv9.3-A 5-wide - // + -

Comparison[edit]

"LITTLE" core
µArch Cortex-A53 Cortex-A55 Cortex-A510 Cortex-A520 Cortex-A530
Codename Apollo Ananke Klein Hayes Lumex C1-Nano (Nevis)
Peak clock speed 2.3 GHz 2.1 GHz 2.0 GHz 2.0 GHz 2.0 GHz
Architecture ARMv8.0-A ARMv8.2-A ARMv9.0-A ARMv9.2-A ARMv9.3-A
AArch 32-bit and 64-bit 64-bit
L1 (I + D) (KiB) 8/64 + 8/64 KiB 16/64 + 16/64 KiB 32/64 + 32/64 KiB -
L2 Cache (KiB) 0–256 KiB 0–512 KiB -
L3 Cache (MiB) - 0–4 MiB 0–16 MiB 0–32 MiB 0–32 MiB
Decode width 2-way 3-way 3-way (2 ALU) 3-way
Dispatch 8 Mops/cycle - - -
"big" core
µArch Cortex-A77 Cortex-A78 Cortex-A710 Cortex-A715 Cortex-A720 Cortex-A725 Cortex-A730
Codename Deimos Hercules Matterhorn Makalu Hunter Chaberton Lumex C1-Pro (Gelas)
Peak clock speed 2.6 GHz ~3.0 GHz 2.5 GHz 2.5 GHz
Architecture ARMv8.2-A ARMv9.0-A ARMv9.2-A ARMv9.3-A
AArch - 32-bit and 64-bit 64-bit 64-bit
Max In-flight 2x 160 2x 160  ? 2x 192+ [1]  ? - -
L0 (Mops entries) - 1536 0 - -
L1 (I + D) (KiB) 64 + 64 KiB 32/64 + 32/64 KiB 64 + 64 KiB -
L2 Cache (KiB) 256–512 KiB 128–512 KiB 0.25–1 MiB [2] -
L3 Cache (MiB) 0–4 MiB 0–8 MiB 0–16 MiB 0–32 MiB [3] 0–32 MiB
Decode width 4-way 5-way 5-way
Dispatch 6 Mops/cycle 5 Mops/cycle  ? - -

Cortex-X[edit]

"Prime" core
µArch Cortex-X1(C) Cortex-X2 Cortex-X3 Cortex-X4 Cortex-X925 Cortex-X930 Cortex-X930
Codename Hera(-C) Matterhorn-ELP Makalu-ELP Hunter-ELP Blackhawk
(Chaberton-ELP) 		Lumex C1-Ultra
(Travis) 		Lumex C1-Premium
(Alto)
Peak clock speed 3.0 GHz 3.0 GHz 3.2 GHz 3.3 GHz 3.6 GHz 4.1 GHz 4.1 GHz
Architecture ARMv8.2-A ARMv9.0-A ARMv9.2-A ARMv9.3-A
AArch 32/64-bit 64-bit (SVE/SVE2) 64-bit (SVE/SVE2) 64-bit (SVE/SVE2/SME2)
Max in-flight 2x 224 [4] 2x 288 2x 320 2x 384 2x 768 [5] -
L0 (Mops entries) 3072 [6] 1536 0 [7] - -
L1 (I + D) (KiB) 64 + 64 KiB 64 + 64 KiB 64 + 64 KiB 64 + 128 KiB
L2 Cache (KiB) 0.25–1 MiB 0.5–2 MiB 2–3 MiB 2–3 MiB
L3 Cache (MiB) 0–8 MiB 0–16 MiB 0–32 MiB 0–32 MiB
Dispatch 8 Mops/cycle 10 Mops/cycle 10 Mops/cycle
Decode width 5-way 6-way 10-way 10-way
ALU 4 6 8 8
FP/SIMD 4 4 4 6 6
DSU DSU-110 DSU-110 DSU-120 Lumex C1-DSU
GPU Mali-G710 Immortalis
-G715 		Immortalis
-G720 		Immortalis
-G925 		Mali G1-Ultra,
Mali G1-Premium,
Mali G1-Pro
Fabric 5 nm 4 nm 4 nm 3 nm 3 nm

Part numbers[edit]

ARM • 0x41
Part number µArch
0x926 ARM926EJ-S
0xb02 MPCore
0xb36 ARM1136J-S
0xb56 ARM1156T2-S
0xb76 ARM1176JZ-S
0xc05 Cortex-A5
0xc07 Cortex-A7
0xc08 Cortex-A8
0xc09 Cortex-A9
0xc0f Cortex-A15
0xc0e Cortex-A17
0xc18 Cortex-R8
0xd13 Cortex-R52
0xd16 Cortex-R52+
0xd15 Cortex-R82
0xd14 Cortex-R82AE °
0xc20 Cortex-M0
0xc23 Cortex-M3
0xc24 Cortex-M4
0xc27 Cortex-M7
0xd20 Cortex-M23
0xd21 Cortex-M33
0xd24 Cortex-M52
0xd22 Cortex-M55
0xd23 Cortex-M85
Part number µArch
0xd02 Cortex-A34
0xd04 Cortex-A35
0xd03 Cortex-A53
0xd05 Cortex-A55
0xd07 Cortex-A57
0xd06 Cortex-A65
0xd43 Cortex-A65AE °
0xd08 Cortex-A72
0xd09 Cortex-A73
0xd0a Cortex-A75
0xd0b Cortex-A76
0xd0e Cortex-A76AE °
0xd0d Cortex-A77
0xd41 Cortex-A78
0xd42 Cortex-A78AE °
0xd4b Cortex-A78C
0xd46 Cortex-A510
0xd80 Cortex-A520
0xd88 Cortex-A520AE °
0xd47 Cortex-A710
0xd4d Cortex-A715
0xd81 Cortex-A720
0xd89 Cortex-A720AE °
0xd87 Cortex-A725
0xd8f Cortex-A320 ^
Part number µArch
0xd44 Cortex-X1
0xd4c Cortex-X1C
0xd48 Cortex-X2
0xd4e Cortex-X3
0xd82 Cortex-X4
0xd85 Cortex-X925
0xd8f Lumex C1-Pico ? ^
0xd8a Lumex C1-Nano ^
0xd8b Lumex C1-Pro ^
0xd90 Lumex C1-Premium
0xd8c Lumex C1-Ultra ^
0xd4a Neoverse E1
0xd0c Neoverse N1
0xd49 Neoverse N2
0xd8e Neoverse N3
0xd40 Neoverse V1
0xd4f Neoverse V2
0xd84 Neoverse V3
0xd83 Neoverse-V3AE °

Note: Orbis (ex Cortex-M) • Orbis series

° - Zena (ex Cortex-AxxAE) • Zena series
^ - Lumex C1 (ex Cortex-A/X) • Lumex series
+ - Neoverse • Neoverse series

ARM Lumex[edit]

• CPU: C1 • ARMv9.3-A, SME2, 3 nm
Lumex C1 series (mobile)
  • Lumex C1-Ultra • Cortex-X930 (Travis)
  • Lumex C1-Premium • Cortex-X930 (Alto)
  • Lumex C1-Pro • Cortex-A730 (Gelas)
  • Lumex C1-Nano • Cortex-A530 (Nevis)
Mali G1 series (GPU)
• GPU: Immortalis-G925 -> Mali G1
  • Mali G1-Ultra
  • Mali G1-Premium
  • Mali G1-Pro

ARM Niva[edit]

PC, Notebooks

ARM Orbis[edit]

Orbis series (IoT) • Cortex-M
  • Cortex-M0+ • Orbis Pico0+
  • Nano
  • Pro
  • Premium
  • Ultra

ARM Zena[edit]

Automotive
  • Cortex-A65AE • ARMv8-A
  • Cortex-A76AE • ARMv8-A
  • Cortex-A78AE • ARMv8-A • Zena Premium 78AE
  • Cortex-R82AE • ARMv8-R
  • Cortex-A520AE • ARMv9-A
  • Cortex-A720AE • ARMv9-A
  • Neoverse V3AE • ARMv9-A
  • Mali-C720AE • GPU

See also[edit]

  • ARM Versions
  • Cortex series
  • Neoverse series (infrastructure)
  • Lumex series (mobile) • C1
  • Niva series (PC, notebooks)
  • Orbis series (IoT) • Cortex-M
  • Zena series (automotive) • AE

References[edit]

  1. ↑ (2022-06-28) Arm introduces Cortex-A715.
  2. ↑ (2024-05-29) Arm launches next gen big core Cortex-A725.
  3. ↑ (2023-05-28) Arm introduces a new big core Cortex-A720.
  4. ↑ Schor, David (2020-05-26). Arm Cortex-X1: The First From The Cortex-X Custom Program.
  5. ↑ https://www.androidauthority.com/arm-cortex-x925-g925-explained-3445480/
  6. ↑ Arm's New Cortex-A78 and Cortex-X1 Microarchitectures: An Efficiency and Performance Divergence.
  7. ↑ Arm Cortex-X4, A720, and A520: 2024 smartphone CPUs deep dive.
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