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| [[2017]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A55|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Ananke|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A75|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Prometheus|l=arch}}'') | | [[2017]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A55|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Ananke|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A75|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Prometheus|l=arch}}'') | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[2018]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A65|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Helios|l=arch}}'') < | + | | [[2018]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A65|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Helios|l=arch}}'') <hr>{{armh|Cortex-A65AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Helios-SL|l=arch}}'') <br>Zena 65AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]]) || {{armh|Cortex-A76|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Enyo|l=arch}}'') <hr>{{armh|Cortex-A76AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Enyo-SL|l=arch}}'') <br>Zena 76AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]]) |
|- | |- | ||
| [[2019]] || {{armh|Cortex-A34|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Metis|l=arch}}'') || || || {{armh|Cortex-A77|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Deimos|l=arch}}'') | | [[2019]] || {{armh|Cortex-A34|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Metis|l=arch}}'') || || || {{armh|Cortex-A77|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Deimos|l=arch}}'') | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[2020]] || || || || {{armh|Cortex-A78|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hercules|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Cortex- | + | | [[2020]] || || || || {{armh|Cortex-A78|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hercules|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Cortex-A78C|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hera Prime|l=arch}}'') <hr>{{armh|Cortex-A78AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hercules-AE|l=arch}}'') <br>Zena 78AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]]) |
|- | |- | ||
| [[2021]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A510|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Klein|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A710|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Matterhorn|l=arch}}'') | | [[2021]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A510|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Klein|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A710|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Matterhorn|l=arch}}'') | ||
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| [[2023]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A520|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hayes|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A720|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hunter|l=arch}}'') | | [[2023]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A520|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hayes|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A720|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hunter|l=arch}}'') | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[2024]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A520AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hayes-AE|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A720AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hunter-AE|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Cortex-A725|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Chaberton|l=arch}}'') <!-- big.Mid.LITTLE with Logan and Hayes or as big.LITTLE • https://fuse.wikichip.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/arm-client-cores-roadmap-2025.png --> | + | | [[2024]] || || || {{armh|Cortex-A520AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hayes-AE|l=arch}}'') <br>Zena 520AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]]) || {{armh|Cortex-A720AE|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hunter-AE|l=arch}}'') <br>Zena 720AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]]) <hr>{{armh|Cortex-A725|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Chaberton|l=arch}}'') <!-- big.Mid.LITTLE with Logan and Hayes or as big.LITTLE • https://fuse.wikichip.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/arm-client-cores-roadmap-2025.png --> |
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[2025]] || {{armh|Cortex-A320|l=arch}} (''IoT & AI'' ) || || {{armh|Cortex-A530|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Nevis|l=arch}}'') || {{armh|Cortex-A730|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Gelas|l=arch}}'') | + | | [[2025]] || <s>{{armh|Cortex-A320|l=arch}}</s> (''IoT & AI'' ) <br>Lumex C1-Pico ([[#ARM Lumex|Lumex CSS]]) || || <s>{{armh|Cortex-A530|l=arch}}</s> (''{{armh|Nevis|l=arch}}'') <br>Lumex C1-Nano ([[#ARM Lumex|Lumex CSS]]) || <s>{{armh|Cortex-A730|l=arch}}</s> (''{{armh|Gelas|l=arch}}'') <br>Lumex C1-Pro ([[#ARM Lumex|Lumex CSS]]) |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[2026]] || || || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | {| border="0" cellpadding="5" width=" | + | {| border="0" cellpadding="5" width="75%" |
|- | |- | ||
|width="30%" valign="top" align="left"| | |width="30%" valign="top" align="left"| | ||
− | === Cortex-M === | + | ==== Cortex-M ==== |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| [[2024]] || | | [[2024]] || | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[2025]] || | + | | [[2025]] || Orbis ([[#ARM Orbis|Orbis series]]) |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[2026]] || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
|width="30%" valign="top" align="left"| | |width="30%" valign="top" align="left"| | ||
− | === Cortex-R === | + | ==== Cortex-R ==== |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Year !! Core | ! Year !! Core | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[2004]] || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[2005]] || | | [[2005]] || | ||
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| [[2024]] || {{armh|Cortex-R82AE|l=arch}} (64-bit) | | [[2024]] || {{armh|Cortex-R82AE|l=arch}} (64-bit) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[2025]] || | + | | [[2025]] || Zena 82AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena series]]) |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [[2026]] || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| [[2024]] || <s>{{armh|Cortex-X5|l=arch}}</s> (''{{armh|Chaberton-ELP|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Cortex-X925|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Blackhawk|l=arch}}'') | | [[2024]] || <s>{{armh|Cortex-X5|l=arch}}</s> (''{{armh|Chaberton-ELP|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Cortex-X925|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Blackhawk|l=arch}}'') | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[2025]] || <s>{{armh|Cortex-X930|l=arch}}</s> (''{{armh|Travis|l=arch}}'') <br>Lumex C1-Ultra ([[#ARM Lumex|Lumex CSS]]) | + | | [[2025]] || <s>{{armh|Cortex-X930|l=arch}}</s> (''{{armh|Travis|l=arch}}'') <br>Lumex C1-Ultra ([[#ARM Lumex|Lumex CSS]]) <br>Lumex C1-Premium (''{{armh|Alto|l=arch}}'') |
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | + | ==== [[Neoverse]] ==== | |
− | === [[Neoverse]] === | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; | ||
|- <!-- | |- <!-- | ||
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| [[2023]] || {{armh|Neoverse E3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Aphrodite|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse N3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hermes|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse V3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Poseidon|l=arch}}'') | | [[2023]] || {{armh|Neoverse E3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Aphrodite|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse N3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Hermes|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse V3|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Poseidon|l=arch}}'') | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[2024]] || Neoverse V3AE <!--(''Poseidon-AE'')--> <br>Neoverse VN <!--(''Poseidon-VN'')--> | + | | [[2024]] || Neoverse V3AE ([[#ARM Zena|Zena V3AE]])<!--(''Poseidon-AE'')--><br>Neoverse VN<!--(''Poseidon-VN'')--> |
|- | |- | ||
| [[2025]] || {{armh|Neoverse E4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Lycius|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse N4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Dionysus|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse V4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Adonis|l=arch}}'') <!-- | | [[2025]] || {{armh|Neoverse E4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Lycius|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse N4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Dionysus|l=arch}}'') <br>{{armh|Neoverse V4|l=arch}} (''{{armh|Adonis|l=arch}}'') <!-- | ||
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// is used in programs like sys-utils return StringSwitch <const char *> (Part) --> | // is used in programs like sys-utils return StringSwitch <const char *> (Part) --> | ||
− | {| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0px; width: | + | {| border="0" cellpadding="5" width="75%" |
+ | |- | ||
+ | |width="30%" valign="top" align="left"| | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0px; width: 95%; text-align:center; | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Part number !! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]] | ! Part number !! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]] | ||
Line 596: | Line 606: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 0xd23 || Cortex-M85 | | 0xd23 || Cortex-M85 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 0xc18 || Cortex-R8 | | 0xc18 || Cortex-R8 | ||
Line 607: | Line 619: | ||
| 0xd14 || Cortex-R82AE | | 0xd14 || Cortex-R82AE | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |} |
+ | |width="30%" valign="top" align="left"| | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0px; width: 95%; text-align:center; | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! Part number !! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 0xd02 || {{armh|Cortex-A34|l=arch}} | | 0xd02 || {{armh|Cortex-A34|l=arch}} | ||
Line 622: | Line 638: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 0xd43 || Cortex-A65AE | | 0xd43 || Cortex-A65AE | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 0xd08 || {{armh|Cortex-A72|l=arch}} | | 0xd08 || {{armh|Cortex-A72|l=arch}} | ||
Line 640: | Line 658: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 0xd4b || Cortex-A78C | | 0xd4b || Cortex-A78C | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 0xd46 || {{armh|Cortex-A510|l=arch}} | | 0xd46 || {{armh|Cortex-A510|l=arch}} | ||
Line 657: | Line 677: | ||
| 0xd87 || {{armh|Cortex-A725|l=arch}} | | 0xd87 || {{armh|Cortex-A725|l=arch}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |} |
+ | |width="30%" valign="top" align="left"| | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable sortable" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0px; width: 95%; text-align:center; | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! Part number !! [[Microarchitecture|µArch]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 0xd44 || {{armh|Cortex-X1|l=arch}} | | 0xd44 || {{armh|Cortex-X1|l=arch}} | ||
Line 689: | Line 713: | ||
| 0xd83 || Neoverse-V3AE | | 0xd83 || Neoverse-V3AE | ||
|- | |- | ||
+ | |} | ||
|} | |} | ||
== ARM Lumex == | == ARM Lumex == | ||
− | : | + | *[https://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/column/ubiq/2046162.html ARM Lumex CSS Platform] |
− | : | + | :• CPU: C1 • ARMv9.3-A, SME2, [[3 nm]] |
− | + | :;Lumex C1 series (mobile) | |
− | + | *Lumex C1-Ultra • <s>Cortex-X930</s> (Travis) | |
+ | *Lumex C1-Premium • <s>Cortex-X930</s> (Alto) | ||
+ | *Lumex C1-Pro • <s>Cortex-A730</s> (Gelas) | ||
+ | *Lumex C1-Nano • <s>Cortex-A530</s> (Nevis) | ||
− | + | :;Mali G1 series (GPU) | |
− | + | :• GPU: Immortalis-G925 -> Mali G1 | |
− | * | + | * Mali G1-Ultra |
− | * | + | * Mali G1-Premium |
+ | * Mali G1-Pro | ||
== ARM Niva == | == ARM Niva == |
Latest revision as of 22:11, 9 October 2025
Cortex is a family of specialized ARM microarchitectures designed by Arm for various edge market such as embedded and mobile. The Cortex family succeed Arm's classic cores with more specialized cores with highly targeted requirements
Contents
Overview[edit]
Cortex is a family of ARM cores that address a broad set of markets. First announced in 2004, Cortex cores have replaced Arm's classic cores with more market-specific variations. Cortex can be broadly categorized into three types of workloads: Applications, Real-time, Microcontroller (A.R.M).
- Cortex-A - Application processors. Designed for fully capable computers, running typical operating systems (Android, Windows, Linux, iOS). Those processors are found in anything from smartphones to tablets and laptops.
- Cortex-X - Application processors. Slightly enhanced version of the Cortex-A designs in order to to further optimize the Cortex-A design (in terms of PPA) for certain markets or workloads/
- Cortex-R - Real-time processors. Designed for real-time operating systems with very deterministic behavior. Those cores are typically less powerful than the A series and are used for things such as controllers, factory equipment, medical devices, and other machines.
- Cortex-M - Microcontrollers. Designed for ultra-low power, typically small factor and low-performance systems. Those are found in cost-sensitive devices and electronics, automated systems, and many other embedded devices.
Cores[edit]
- See also: arm/versions, neoverse, and zen
Cortex-A[edit]
Specifications[edit]
Cortex-A[edit]
Year | µArch | ISA | Decoder | Out-of-order execution buffer |
ALU/FPU/LSU | L1 Cache (KiB) I (Instruction) + D (Data) |
Performance (per clock) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Little Core target | |||||||
2014 | Cortex-A53 | ARMv8.0-A | 2-wide | unsupported | 2/1/1 | 8/64 + 8/64 | 82 |
2017 | Cortex-A55 | ARMv8.2-A | 2-wide | unsupported | 2/2/2 | 16/64 + 16/64 | 89 |
2021 | Cortex-A510 | ARMv9.0-A | 3-wide | unsupported | 3/2*/2 | 32/64 + 32/64 | - |
2023 | Cortex-A520 | ARMv9.2-A | 3-wide | unsupported | 2/2*/2 | 32/64 + 32/64 | - |
2025 | Cortex-A530 | ARMv9.3-A | 3-wide | unsupported | // | + | - |
Big/Middle Core target | |||||||
2014 | Cortex-A57 | ARMv8.0-A | 3-wide | 128 | 2/2/2 | 48 + 32 | 127 |
2015 | Cortex-A72 | ARMv8.0-A | 3-wide | 128 | 2/2/2 | 48 + 32 | 147 |
2016 | Cortex-A73 | ARMv8.0-A | 2-wide | 128 | 2/2/2 | 64 + 32 | 157 |
2017 | Cortex-A75 | ARMv8.2-A | 3-wide | 128 | 2/3/2 | 64 + 64 | 177 |
2018 | Cortex-A76 | ARMv8.2-A | 4-wide | 128 | 3/2/2 | 64 + 64 | 265 |
2019 | Cortex-A77 | ARMv8.2-A | 4-wide | 160 | 4/2/2 | 64 + 64 | 306 |
2020 | Cortex-A78 | ARMv8.2-A | 4-wide | 160 | 4/2/3 | 32/64 + 32/64 | 325 |
2021 | Cortex-A710 | ARMv9.0-A | 4-wide | - | // | 32/64 + 32/64 | - |
2022 | Cortex-A715 | ARMv9.0-A | 5-wide | 192 | // | 32/64 + 32/64 | - |
2023 | Cortex-A720 | ARMv9.2-A | 5-wide | - | // | 32/64 + 32/64 | - |
2024 | Cortex-A725 | ARMv9.2-A | 5-wide | - | // | 32/64 + 32/64 | - |
2025 | Cortex-A730 | ARMv9.3-A | 5-wide | - | // | + | - |
Comparison[edit]
- "LITTLE" core
µArch | Cortex-A53 | Cortex-A55 | Cortex-A510 | Cortex-A520 | Cortex-A530 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Codename | Apollo | Ananke | Klein | Hayes | Lumex C1-Nano (Nevis) |
Peak clock speed | 2.3 GHz | 2.1 GHz | 2.0 GHz | 2.0 GHz | 2.0 GHz |
Architecture | ARMv8.0-A | ARMv8.2-A | ARMv9.0-A | ARMv9.2-A | ARMv9.3-A |
AArch | 32-bit and 64-bit | 64-bit | |||
L1 (I + D) (KiB) | 8/64 + 8/64 KiB | 16/64 + 16/64 KiB | 32/64 + 32/64 KiB | - | |
L2 Cache (KiB) | 0–256 KiB | 0–512 KiB | - | ||
L3 Cache (MiB) | - | 0–4 MiB | 0–16 MiB | 0–32 MiB | 0–32 MiB |
Decode width | 2-way | 3-way | 3-way (2 ALU) | 3-way | |
Dispatch | 8 Mops/cycle | - | - | - |
- "big" core
µArch | Cortex-A77 | Cortex-A78 | Cortex-A710 | Cortex-A715 | Cortex-A720 | Cortex-A725 | Cortex-A730 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Codename | Deimos | Hercules | Matterhorn | Makalu | Hunter | Chaberton | Lumex C1-Pro (Gelas) |
Peak clock speed | 2.6 GHz | ~3.0 GHz | 2.5 GHz | 2.5 GHz | |||
Architecture | ARMv8.2-A | ARMv9.0-A | ARMv9.2-A | ARMv9.3-A | |||
AArch | - | 32-bit and 64-bit | 64-bit | 64-bit | |||
Max In-flight | 2x 160 | 2x 160 | ? | 2x 192+ [1] | ? | - | - |
L0 (Mops entries) | - | 1536 | 0 | - | - | ||
L1 (I + D) (KiB) | 64 + 64 KiB | 32/64 + 32/64 KiB | 64 + 64 KiB | - | |||
L2 Cache (KiB) | 256–512 KiB | 128–512 KiB | 0.25–1 MiB [2] | - | |||
L3 Cache (MiB) | 0–4 MiB | 0–8 MiB | 0–16 MiB | 0–32 MiB [3] | 0–32 MiB | ||
Decode width | 4-way | 5-way | 5-way | ||||
Dispatch | 6 Mops/cycle | 5 Mops/cycle | ? | - | - |
Cortex-X[edit]
- "Prime" core
µArch | Cortex-X1(C) | Cortex-X2 | Cortex-X3 | Cortex-X4 | Cortex-X925 | Cortex-X930 | Cortex-X930 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Codename | Hera(-C) | Matterhorn-ELP | Makalu-ELP | Hunter-ELP | Blackhawk |
Lumex C1-Ultra (Travis) |
Lumex C1-Premium (Alto) |
Peak clock speed | 3.0 GHz | 3.0 GHz | 3.2 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 4.1 GHz | 4.1 GHz |
Architecture | ARMv8.2-A | ARMv9.0-A | ARMv9.2-A | ARMv9.3-A | |||
AArch | 32/64-bit | 64-bit (SVE/SVE2) | 64-bit (SVE/SVE2) | 64-bit (SVE/SVE2/SME2) | |||
Max in-flight | 2x 224 [4] | 2x 288 | 2x 320 | 2x 384 | 2x 768 [5] | - | |
L0 (Mops entries) | 3072 [6] | 1536 | 0 [7] | - | - | ||
L1 (I + D) (KiB) | 64 + 64 KiB | 64 + 64 KiB | 64 + 64 KiB | 64 + 128 KiB | |||
L2 Cache (KiB) | 0.25–1 MiB | 0.5–2 MiB | 2–3 MiB | 2–3 MiB | |||
L3 Cache (MiB) | 0–8 MiB | 0–16 MiB | 0–32 MiB | 0–32 MiB | |||
Dispatch | 8 Mops/cycle | 10 Mops/cycle | 10 Mops/cycle | ||||
Decode width | 5-way | 6-way | 10-way | 10-way | |||
ALU | 4 | 6 | 8 | 8 | |||
FP/SIMD | 4 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 6 | ||
DSU | DSU-110 | DSU-110 | DSU-120 | Lumex C1-DSU | |||
GPU | Mali-G710 | Immortalis -G715 |
Immortalis -G720 |
Immortalis -G925 |
Mali G1-Ultra, Mali G1-Premium, Mali G1-Pro | ||
Fabric | 5 nm | 4 nm | 4 nm | 3 nm | 3 nm |
Part numbers[edit]
- ARM • 0x41
|
|
|
ARM Lumex[edit]
- • CPU: C1 • ARMv9.3-A, SME2, 3 nm
- Lumex C1 series (mobile)
- Lumex C1-Ultra •
Cortex-X930(Travis) - Lumex C1-Premium •
Cortex-X930(Alto) - Lumex C1-Pro •
Cortex-A730(Gelas) - Lumex C1-Nano •
Cortex-A530(Nevis)
- Mali G1 series (GPU)
- • GPU: Immortalis-G925 -> Mali G1
- Mali G1-Ultra
- Mali G1-Premium
- Mali G1-Pro
ARM Niva[edit]
- PC, Notebooks
ARM Orbis[edit]
- Orbis series (IoT) • Cortex-M
- Cortex-M0+ • Orbis Pico0+
- Nano
- Pro
- Premium
- Ultra
ARM Zena[edit]
- Automotive
- Cortex-A65AE • ARMv8-A
- Cortex-A76AE • ARMv8-A
- Cortex-A78AE • ARMv8-A • Zena Premium 78AE
- Cortex-R82AE • ARMv8-R
- Cortex-A520AE • ARMv9-A
- Cortex-A720AE • ARMv9-A
- Neoverse V3AE • ARMv9-A
- Mali-C720AE • GPU
See also[edit]
- ARM Versions
- Cortex series
- Neoverse series (infrastructure)
- Lumex series (mobile) • C1
- Niva series (PC, notebooks)
- Orbis series (IoT) • Cortex-M
- Zena series (automotive) • AE
References[edit]
- ↑ (2022-06-28) Arm introduces Cortex-A715.
- ↑ (2024-05-29) Arm launches next gen big core Cortex-A725.
- ↑ (2023-05-28) Arm introduces a new big core Cortex-A720.
- ↑ Schor, David (2020-05-26). Arm Cortex-X1: The First From The Cortex-X Custom Program.
- ↑ https://www.androidauthority.com/arm-cortex-x925-g925-explained-3445480/
- ↑ Arm's New Cortex-A78 and Cortex-X1 Microarchitectures: An Efficiency and Performance Divergence.
- ↑ Arm Cortex-X4, A720, and A520: 2024 smartphone CPUs deep dive.