x86
Instruction Set Architecture

General

• History
• Families

Variants

• x86-16
• x86-32
• x86-64

Topics

• Instructions
• Addressing Modes
• Registers
• Model-Specific Register
• Assembly
• Interrupts
• Micro-Ops
• Timer
• Calling Convention
• Microarchitectures
• CPUID

CPUIDs

• AMD's CPUIDs
• Intel's CPUIDs

Modes

• Real
• Protected
• Long

Extensions(all)

• 3DNow!
• ABM
• ADX
• AES
• AMX
• AVX
• AVX2
• AVX-512
• BMI1
• BMI2
• CLMUL
• E3DNow!
• EMMX
• F16C
• FMA3
• FMA4
• FPU
• MKTME
• MMX
• MPX
• PMEM
• PREFETCH
• RdRAND
• SEV
• SGX
• SHA
• SME
• SMM
• SMX
• SSE
• SSE2
• SSE3
• SSE4.1
• SSE4.2
• SSE4a
• SSE5
• SSSE3
• TBM
• TME
• TSME
• TSX
• XOP

Below is a list of Intel's CPUID broken down by their respective core names and microarchitecture:

CPUIDs

Family 15

Microarchitecture	Core	Extended Family	Family	Extended Model	Model
Netburst		0	0xF	0x0	0x6	Family 15 Model 6
	Prescott	0	0xF	0x0	0x4	Family 15 Model 4
	Prescott	0	0xF	0x0	0x3	Family 15 Model 3
	Northwood	0	0xF	0x0	0x2	Family 15 Model 2
	Willamette	0	0xF	0x0	0x1	Family 15 Model 1

Family 11

Microarchitecture	Core	Extended Family	Family	Extended Model	Model
Knights Ferry		0	0xB	0x0	0x0	Family 11 Model 0
Knights Corner		0	0xB	0x0	0x1	Family 11 Model 1

Family 6

Big Cores (Client)

Microarchitecture	Core	Extended Family	Family	Extended Model	Model
Meteor Lake
Alder Lake
Tigerlake
Ice Lake (Client)	U	0	0x6	0x7	0xE	Family 6 Model 126
Amber Lake	Y
Whiskey Lake	U
Cannon Lake	Y, U	0	0x6	0x6	0x6	Family 6 Model 102
Coffee Lake	S, H, E	0	0x6	0x9	0xE	Family 6 Model 158
	U	0	0x6	0x8	0xE	Family 6 Model 142
Kaby Lake	DT, H, S, X	0	0x6	0x9	0xE	Family 6 Model 158
	Y, U	0	0x6	0x8	0xE	Family 6 Model 142
Skylake (Client)	DT, H, S	0	0x6	0x5	0xE	Family 6 Model 94
	Y, U	0	0x6	0x4	0xE	Family 6 Model 78
Broadwell (Client)	C, W	0	0x6	0x4	0x7	Family 6 Model 71
	U, Y, S	0	0x6	0x3	0xD	Family 6 Model 61
	H	0	0x6	0x4	0x7	Family 6 Model 71
Haswell (Client)	GT3E	0	0x6	0x4	0x6	Family 6 Model 70
	ULT	0	0x6	0x4	0x5	Family 6 Model 69
	S	0	0x6	0x3	0xC	Family 6 Model 60
Ivy Bridge (Client)	M, H, Gladden	0	0x6	0x3	0xA	Family 6 Model 58
Sandy Bridge (Client)	M, H	0	0x6	0x2	0xA	Family 6 Model 42
Westmere (Client)	Arrandale, Clarkdale	0	0x6	0x2	0x5	Family 6 Model 37
Nehalem (Client)	Auburndale, Havendale	0	0x6	0x1	0xF	Family 6 Model 31
	Clarksfield	0	0x6	0x1	0xE	Family 6 Model 30
Penryn (Client)	Penryn, Wolfdale, Yorkfield	0	0x6	0x1	0x7	Family 6 Model 23
Core (Client)	Merom L	0	0x6	0x1	0x6	Family 6 Model 22
Merom	0	0x6	0x0	0xF	Family 6 Model 15
Modified Pentium M	Yonah	0	0x6	0x0	0xE	Family 6 Model 14
Pentium M	Tolapai	0	0x6	0x1	0x5	Family 6 Model 21
	Dothan	0	0x6	0x0	0xD	Family 6 Model 13
	Banias	0	0x6	0x0	0x9	Family 6 Model 9
P6	Tualatin	0	0x6	0x0	0xB	Family 6 Model 11
	Coppermine, Coppermine T	0	0x6	0x0	0x8	Family 6 Model 8
	Katmai	0	0x6	0x0	0x7	Family 6 Model 7
		0	0x6	0x0	0x6	Family 6 Model 6
		0	0x6	0x0	0x5	Family 6 Model 5
		0	0x6	0x0	0x3	Family 6 Model 3
		0	0x6	0x0	0x1	Family 6 Model 1

Big Cores (Server)

Microarchitecture	Core	Extended Family	Family	Extended Model	Model
Granite Rapids
Sapphire Rapids
Ice Lake (Server)	SP
Cascade Lake	SP, X
Skylake (Server)	SP, X, DE, W	0	0x6	0x5	0x5	Family 6 Model 85
Broadwell (Server)	E, EP, EX	0	0x6	0x4	0xF	Family 6 Model 79
	DE	0	0x6	0x5	0x6	Family 6 Model 86
Haswell (Server)	E, EP, EX	0	0x6	0x3	0xF	Family 6 Model 63
Ivy Bridge (Server)	E, EN, EP, EX	0	0x6	0x3	0xE	Family 6 Model 62
Sandy Bridge (Server)	E, EN, EP	0	0x6	0x2	0xD	Family 6 Model 45
Westmere (Server)	Gulftown, EP	0	0x6	0x2	0xC	Family 6 Model 44
	EX	0	0x6	0x2	0xF	Family 6 Model 47
Nehalem (Server)	EX	0	0x6	0x2	0xE	Family 6 Model 46
	Lynnfield	0	0x6	0x1	0xE	Family 6 Model 30
	Bloomfield, EP, WS	0	0x6	0x1	0xA	Family 6 Model 26
Penryn (Server)	Dunnington	0	0x6	0x1	0xD	Family 6 Model 29
Harpertown, QC, Wolfdale, Yorkfield	0	0x6	0x1	0x7	Family 6 Model 23
P6		0	0x6	0x0	0xA	Family 6 Model 10

Little Cores

Microarchitecture	Core	Extended Family	Family	Extended Model	Model
Tremont	Elkhart Lake?	0	0x6	0x8	0x6	Family 6 Model 134
Goldmont Plus	Gemini Lake	0	0x6	0x7	0xA	Family 6 Model 122
Goldmont	Denverton	0	0x6	0x5	0xF	Family 6 Model 95
	Apollo Lake, Broxton	0	0x6	0x5	0xC	Family 6 Model 92
Airmont	Cherry Trail, Braswell	0	0x6	0x4	0xC	Family 6 Model 76
Silvermont	SoFIA	0	0x6	0x5	0xD	Family 6 Model 93
	Anniedale	0	0x6	0x5	0xA	Family 6 Model 90
	Avoton, Rangeley	0	0x6	0x4	0xD	Family 6 Model 77
	Tangier	0	0x6	0x4	0xA	Family 6 Model 74
	Bay Trail	0	0x6	0x3	0x7	Family 6 Model 55
Saltwell	Cedarview	0	0x6	0x3	0x6	Family 6 Model 54
	Cloverview	0	0x6	0x3	0x5	Family 6 Model 53
	Penwell	0	0x6	0x2	0x7	Family 6 Model 39
Bonnell	Lincroft	0	0x6	0x2	0x6	Family 6 Model 38
	Silverthorne, Diamondville, Pineview	0	0x6	0x1	0xC	Family 6 Model 28

MIC Architecture

Microarchitecture	Core	Extended Family	Family	Extended Model	Model
Knights Mill		0	0x6	0x8	0x5	Family 6 Model 133
Knights Landing		0	0x6	0x5	0x7	Family 6 Model 87

Family 5

Microarchitecture	Core	Extended Family	Family	Extended Model	Model
Lakemont	Quark	0	0x5	0x0	0xA	Family 5 Model 10
		0	0x5	0x0	0x9	Family 5 Model 9
P5	P55C (Mobile)	0	0x5	0x0	0x8	Family 5 Model 8
		0	0x5	0x0	0x7	Family 5 Model 7
	P55C	0	0x5	0x0	0x4	Family 5 Model 4
	P54CS	0	0x5	0x0	0x2	Family 5 Model 2
	P5, P54, P54CQS	0	0x5	0x0	0x1	Family 5 Model 1

Family 4

Microarchitecture	Core	Extended Family	Family	Extended Model	Model
80486		0	0x4	0x0	0x9	Family 4 Model 9
	80486DX4	0	0x4	0x0	0x8	Family 4 Model 8
		0	0x4	0x0	0x7	Family 4 Model 7
		0	0x4	0x0	0x5	Family 4 Model 5
	80486SL	0	0x4	0x0	0x4	Family 4 Model 4
	80486DX2	0	0x4	0x0	0x3	Family 4 Model 3
	80486SX	0	0x4	0x0	0x2	Family 4 Model 2
	80486DX	0	0x4	0x0	0x1	Family 4 Model 1

Family 3

• 80386