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K8 µarch
General Info
Arch Type	CPU
Designer	AMD
Manufacturer	AMD
Introduction	September 23, 2003
Phase-out	2007
Process	130 nm, 90 nm, 65 nm
Core Configs	1, 2
Pipeline
OoOE	Yes
Reg Renaming	Yes
Decode	3
Instructions
ISA	x86-64
Extensions	MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3 (some steppings), 3DNow!
Cache
L1I Cache	64 KiB/core
L1D Cache	64 KiB/core
Succession
K7 K9 K10

K8 (Hammer) was the microarchitecture developed by AMD as a successor to K7.

K8 was superseded by K10 in 2007.

Architecture

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Die Shot

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All K8 Chips

K8 Chips
Model	Family	Core	Launched	Power Dissipation	Freq	Max Mem
Count: 0

K8 Family

Architecture	Process (nm)	Family	Release date	Code name	Model group	Cores	Clock rate (MHz)
K8 (x86-64) (AMD64)	130 nm	Opteron	2003	Sledgehammer	100	1	1400–2400
					200
					800
	90 nm			Venus	100		1600–3000
				Troy	200
				Athens	800
				Denmark	100	2	1600–3200
				Italy	200		1600–3200
				Egypt	800		1600–3200
				Santa Ana	1200		1800–3200
				Santa Rosa	2200		1800–3200
					8200		2000–3000
	130 nm	Athlon 64 FX	2003	Sledgehammer	FX-51, FX-53	1	2200, 2400
			2003	Clawhammer	FX-53, FX-55		2400, 2400
	90 nm			San Diego	FX-55, FX-57		2600, 2800
			2005	Toledo	FX-60	2	2600
			2005	Windsor	FX-62		2800
					FX-70, FX-72, FX-74		2600, 2800, 3000
	130 nm	Athlon 64	2003	Clawhammer		1	2000–2600
				Newcastle			1800–2400
	90 nm			Winchester			1800–2200
				Venice			1800–2400
				San Diego			2200–2600
				Orleans			1800–2600
	65 nm			Lima			2000–2800
	90 nm	Athlon 64 X2		Manchester	3600+	2	2000
					3800+, 4200+, 4600+		2000, 2200, 2400
				Toledo	3800+, 4200+, 4600+		2000, 2200, 2400
					4400+, 4800+		2200, 2400
				Windsor	3600+		2000
					3800+, 4200+, 4600+, 5000+, 5400+		2000, 2200, 2400, 2600, 2800
					4000+, 4400+, 4800+, 5200+, 5600+, 6000+, 6400+		2000, 2200, 2400, 2600, 2800, 3000, 3200
	65 nm			Brisbane	3600+, 3800+, 4000+, 4200+, 4400+, 4600+, 4800+, 5000+, 5200+, 5400+, 5600+, 5800+, 6000+		1900, 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400, 2500, 2600, 2700, 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100
	130 nm	Sempron		Paris	3000+	1	1800
					3100+		1800
	90 nm			Palermo	2500+		1400
					2600+		1600
					2800+
					3000+		1800
					3100+
					3300+		2000
					3400+
					3000+		1800
					3200+
					3400+		2000
					3500+
				Manila	2800+, 3200+, 3500+		1600, 1800, 2000
					3000+, 3400+, 3600+, 3800+		1600, 1800, 2000, 2200
	65 nm			Sparta	LE-1100, LE-1150		1900, 2000
					LE-1200, LE-1250, LE-1300		2100, 2200, 2300
	130 nm	Mobile Athlon 64	2003	Clawhammer	2700+		1600
					2800+, 3000+, 3200+, 3400+, 3700+		1600, 1800, 2000, 2200, 2400
				Odessa	2700+, 2800+, 3000+		1600, 1800, 2000
	90 nm			Oakville	2700+, 2800+, 3000+		1600, 1800, 2000
				Newark	3000+, 3200+, 3400+, 3700+, 4000+		1800, 2000, 2200, 2400, 2600
	130 nm	Mobile Sempron		Dublin			1600, 1800
							1600
	90 nm			Georgetown			1600, 1800, 2000
							1600, 1800
				Sonora			1600, 1800
							1600, 1800
				Albany			1800, 2000, 2200
							1800, 2000
				Roma			1800, 2000
					1600, 1800, 2000
			Keene		1800, 2000
					1600, 1800, 2000
Turion 64		2005	Lancaster	MT-28, MT-32, ML-42	1600 1800, 2400
		2005		MT-30, MT-34, MT-37, MT-40, ML-44	1600, 1800, 2000, 2200, 2400
		2005	Richmond	MK-36, MK-38	2000, 2200
Turion 64 X2		2006	Taylor	TL-50	2	1600
			Trinidad	TL-52, TL-56, TL-60, TL-64		1600, 1800, 2000, 2200
	65 nm		Tyler	TK-53, TK-55, TK-57		1700, 1800, 1900
				TL-56, TL-58, TL-60, TL-62, TL-64, TL-66, TL-68		1800, 1900, 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400

See also

• AMD • Microarchitectures
• Intel • Core