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(→‎Key changes from {{intel|Airmont}})
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* Pipeline
 
* Pipeline
 
** Compared to Airmont, Goldmont is a 3-issue core.
 
** Compared to Airmont, Goldmont is a 3-issue core.
−
** Latency
+
** Throughput
 
*** NOPs, MOVs and many ALU operations have 3 op/cycle throughput for 16, 32 and 64-bit registers. (8-bit ALU ops throughput is 2, 1.5 or 1 op per cycle).
 
*** NOPs, MOVs and many ALU operations have 3 op/cycle throughput for 16, 32 and 64-bit registers. (8-bit ALU ops throughput is 2, 1.5 or 1 op per cycle).
 
*** ADC, SBB have 0.5 op/cycle throughput, unchanged from Airmont.
 
*** ADC, SBB have 0.5 op/cycle throughput, unchanged from Airmont.

Revision as of 08:51, 27 October 2016

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Goldmont µarch
General Info
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Goldmont is Intel's 14 nm microarchitecture of system on chips for the ultra-low power (ULP) devices. Goldmont-based processors and SoCs are part of the Atom, Pentium, and Celeron families. Goldmont superseded Airmont in August of 2016. With Goldmont, Intel stopped targeting smartphones altogether, cancelling the related cores and SKUs.

Intel Atom E3900 SoC series

Codenames

Platform Core Target
Apollo Lake Apollo Lake Tablets, Entry-level PCs
Willow Trail Willow Trail Lightweight Tablets & high-end smartphone
Morganfield Broxton Smartphone

Process Technology

Main article: Broadwell § Process Technology

Goldmont-based chips are manufactured on Intel's 14 nm process.

Architecture

Key changes from Airmont

  • Pipeline
    • Compared to Airmont, Goldmont is a 3-issue core.
    • Throughput
      • NOPs, MOVs and many ALU operations have 3 op/cycle throughput for 16, 32 and 64-bit registers. (8-bit ALU ops throughput is 2, 1.5 or 1 op per cycle).
      • ADC, SBB have 0.5 op/cycle throughput, unchanged from Airmont.
      • INC, DEC, BTx, shift ops are not faster than on Airmont, 8-bit shifts are slightly slower (0.66 op/cycle instead of 1).
      • Rotate-through-carry (RCL, RCR) throughput continues to be slow and is slightly slower (used to be ~10 cycles per op, now ~12).
      • 16- and 64-bit shift-double (SHLD, SHRD) throughput continues to be slow and is slightly slower (used to be ~10 cycles per op, now ~14) than on Airmont. (32-bit SHLD, SHRD are fast: 2-4 cycles).
      • Variable shifts and rotates (SHL r32, CL etc) latency increased from 1 cycle to 2 cycles.
      • Bit scan (BSF, BSR) throughput improved from 10 to 8 cycles per op.
      • MUL throughput is better by 1 cycle (used to be 5/7 cycles for 32/64-bit mul, now 4/6).
      • DIV is more than twice as fast as Airmont, 13 cycles for most divides, 128-bit/64-bit are ~42 cycles.
      • PUSH to POP forwarding is improved.
      • REP MOVS streaming copy is twice as fast: now ~26 bytes/cycle.
      • REP STOS fill is not improved: ~9 bytes/cycle.
      • Some vector instructions are faster, but like on Airmont, none have throughput >2 op/cycle. This includes often used ops like adds and multiplies:
        • MULPS and MULPD have 4 cycle latency and 1 op/cycle throughput (used to have L5 and T0.5).
        • ADDPD has 3 cycle latency and 1 op/cycle throughput (used to have L4 and T0.5).
      • CRC32 instruction throughput improved from 6 cycles/op to 1 cycle/op, latency is halved from 6 to 3.
  • Gen 9 GPUs

Block Diagram

New text document.svg This section is empty; you can help add the missing info by editing this page.

Memory Hierarchy

  • Cache
    • Hardware prefetchers
    • L1 Cache:
      • 32 KB 8-way set associative instruction, 64 B line size
      • 24 KB 6-way set associative data, 64 B line size
      • Per core
    • L2 Cache:
      • 1 MB 16-way set associative, 64 B line size
      • Per 2 cores
    • L3 Cache:
      • No level 3 cache
    • RAM
      • Maximum of 1GB, 2 GB, 4 GB, 8 GB
      • dual 32-bit channels, 1 or 2 ranks per channel

Multithreading

Goldmont, like Airmont has no support for Intel Hyper-Threading Technology.

Die Shot

Intel Atom E3900 SoC series:

atom e3900 die shot.jpg

All Goldmont Chips

Goldmont Chips
Main processorIGP
ModelFamilyPlatformCoreLaunchedSDPTDPFreqMax MemNameFreqMax Freq
C3308AtomDenverton15 August 20179.5 W
9,500 mW
0.0127 hp
0.0095 kW
1,600 MHz
1.6 GHz
1,600,000 kHz
131,072 MiB
134,217,728 KiB
137,438,953,472 B
128 GiB
0.125 TiB
C3338AtomDenverton22 February 20179 W
9,000 mW
0.0121 hp
0.009 kW
1,500 MHz
1.5 GHz
1,500,000 kHz
131,072 MiB
134,217,728 KiB
137,438,953,472 B
128 GiB
0.125 TiB
C3508AtomDenverton15 August 201711.25 W
11,250 mW
0.0151 hp
0.0113 kW
1,600 MHz
1.6 GHz
1,600,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3538AtomDenverton15 August 201715 W
15,000 mW
0.0201 hp
0.015 kW
2,100 MHz
2.1 GHz
2,100,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3558AtomDenverton15 August 201716 W
16,000 mW
0.0215 hp
0.016 kW
2,200 MHz
2.2 GHz
2,200,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3708AtomDenverton15 August 201717 W
17,000 mW
0.0228 hp
0.017 kW
1,700 MHz
1.7 GHz
1,700,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3750AtomDenverton15 August 201721 W
21,000 mW
0.0282 hp
0.021 kW
2,200 MHz
2.2 GHz
2,200,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3758AtomDenverton15 August 201725 W
25,000 mW
0.0335 hp
0.025 kW
2,200 MHz
2.2 GHz
2,200,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3808AtomDenverton15 August 201725 W
25,000 mW
0.0335 hp
0.025 kW
2,000 MHz
2 GHz
2,000,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3830AtomDenverton15 August 201721 W
21,000 mW
0.0282 hp
0.021 kW
1,900 MHz
1.9 GHz
1,900,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3850AtomDenverton15 August 201725 W
25,000 mW
0.0335 hp
0.025 kW
2,100 MHz
2.1 GHz
2,100,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3858AtomDenverton15 August 201725 W
25,000 mW
0.0335 hp
0.025 kW
2,000 MHz
2 GHz
2,000,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3950AtomDenverton15 August 201724 W
24,000 mW
0.0322 hp
0.024 kW
1,700 MHz
1.7 GHz
1,700,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3955AtomDenverton15 August 201732 W
32,000 mW
0.0429 hp
0.032 kW
2,100 MHz
2.1 GHz
2,100,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
C3958AtomDenverton15 August 201731 W
31,000 mW
0.0416 hp
0.031 kW
2,000 MHz
2 GHz
2,000,000 kHz
262,144 MiB
268,435,456 KiB
274,877,906,944 B
256 GiB
0.25 TiB
x5-E3930Atom x5Apollo LakeApollo Lake20176.5 W
6,500 mW
0.00872 hp
0.0065 kW
1,300 MHz
1.3 GHz
1,300,000 kHz
8,192 MiB
8,388,608 KiB
8,589,934,592 B
8 GiB
0.00781 TiB
HD Graphics 500400 MHz
0.4 GHz
400,000 KHz
550 MHz
0.55 GHz
550,000 KHz
x5-E3940Atom x5Apollo LakeApollo Lake20179.5 W
9,500 mW
0.0127 hp
0.0095 kW
1,600 MHz
1.6 GHz
1,600,000 kHz
8,192 MiB
8,388,608 KiB
8,589,934,592 B
8 GiB
0.00781 TiB
HD Graphics 500400 MHz
0.4 GHz
400,000 KHz
600 MHz
0.6 GHz
600,000 KHz
x7-E3950Atom x7Apollo LakeApollo Lake201712 W
12,000 mW
0.0161 hp
0.012 kW
1,600 MHz
1.6 GHz
1,600,000 kHz
8,192 MiB
8,388,608 KiB
8,589,934,592 B
8 GiB
0.00781 TiB
HD Graphics 505500 MHz
0.5 GHz
500,000 KHz
650 MHz
0.65 GHz
650,000 KHz
J3355CeleronApollo Lake30 August 201610 W
10,000 mW
0.0134 hp
0.01 kW
2,000 MHz
2 GHz
2,000,000 kHz
8,192 MiB
8,388,608 KiB
8,589,934,592 B
8 GiB
0.00781 TiB
HD Graphics 500250 MHz
0.25 GHz
250,000 KHz
700 MHz
0.7 GHz
700,000 KHz
J3455CeleronApollo Lake30 August 201610 W
10,000 mW
0.0134 hp
0.01 kW
1,500 MHz
1.5 GHz
1,500,000 kHz
8,192 MiB
8,388,608 KiB
8,589,934,592 B
8 GiB
0.00781 TiB
HD Graphics 500250 MHz
0.25 GHz
250,000 KHz
750 MHz
0.75 GHz
750,000 KHz
N3350CeleronApollo Lake30 August 20164 W
4,000 mW
0.00536 hp
0.004 kW
6 W
6,000 mW
0.00805 hp
0.006 kW
1,100 MHz
1.1 GHz
1,100,000 kHz
8,192 MiB
8,388,608 KiB
8,589,934,592 B
8 GiB
0.00781 TiB
HD Graphics 500200 MHz
0.2 GHz
200,000 KHz
650 MHz
0.65 GHz
650,000 KHz
N3450CeleronApollo Lake30 August 20164 W
4,000 mW
0.00536 hp
0.004 kW
6 W
6,000 mW
0.00805 hp
0.006 kW
1,100 MHz
1.1 GHz
1,100,000 kHz
8,192 MiB
8,388,608 KiB
8,589,934,592 B
8 GiB
0.00781 TiB
HD Graphics 500200 MHz
0.2 GHz
200,000 KHz
700 MHz
0.7 GHz
700,000 KHz
J4205PentiumApollo Lake30 August 201610 W
10,000 mW
0.0134 hp
0.01 kW
1,500 MHz
1.5 GHz
1,500,000 kHz
8,192 MiB
8,388,608 KiB
8,589,934,592 B
8 GiB
0.00781 TiB
HD Graphics 505250 MHz
0.25 GHz
250,000 KHz
800 MHz
0.8 GHz
800,000 KHz
N4200PentiumApollo Lake30 August 20164 W
4,000 mW
0.00536 hp
0.004 kW
6 W
6,000 mW
0.00805 hp
0.006 kW
1,100 MHz
1.1 GHz
1,100,000 kHz
8,192 MiB
8,388,608 KiB
8,589,934,592 B
8 GiB
0.00781 TiB
HD Graphics 505200 MHz
0.2 GHz
200,000 KHz
750 MHz
0.75 GHz
750,000 KHz
Count: 24
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