Semiconductor & Computer Engineering
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Revision as of 10:36, 12 January 2014
The 4-bit computer architecture is a microprocessor architecture that has a datapath width or a highest operand width of 4 bits or a nibble. These architectures typically have a matching register file with registers width of 4 bits.
Industry
Most of the first microprocessors during the early 1970s had 4-bit word length. Both the Intel4004 and the 4040 were 4-bits. The world's first single-chip microprocessor by Texas Instruments, the TMS1000, was also a 4-bit CPU. 4-bit word were proven to be very limiting and by 1974 there was a shift to larger architectures such as 8- and 12-bit architectures.
Applications
Most 4-bit microprocessors were used almost exclusively in calculators and toys.
4-bit microprocessor
- Intel 4004
- Intel 4040
- AMI 9209
- Hitachi HD35404
- National IMP-4
- Fairchild PPS-25
- Rockwell PPS-4
- Rockwell PPS-4/2
- Toshiba T3472
- TMS1000
- NEC μCOM 4
- HP Saturn (64-bit register, 4-bit data path)