Not to be confused with TMS0100.

TI TMS1000 Series
Developer	Texas Instruments
Manufacturer	Texas Instruments
Production	1974-1981
Release date	1974
Word size	4 bit 0.5 octets 1 nibbles
Process	8 μm 8,000 nm 0.008 mm
Technology	pMOS, nMOS, CMOS
Clock	100 KHz-400 KHz
Package	DIP28, DIP40

The TMS1000 Series (or TMS 1000) was a family of 4-bit microcontrollers designed and manufactured by Texas Instruments in the early 1970s.

Originally made using pMOS technology, TI later expended the family into nMOS and CMOS.

The TMS 1000 had a relatively simple design with only 43 instructions and 2 general purpose registers.

Similar to the Intel 4004, the chip only had a single level of stack and no interrupts.

History

In September of 1971, TI finished the design for their TMS0100 single-chip calculators. Designs where done by the Texas Instruments engineers Gary Boone and Michael Cochran. Based on their design of the TMX1795, Gary patented the invention for a single-chip processing machine on Aug 31, 1971. On Sep 4 1973, he was awarded U.S. Patent 3,757,306. Building on top of their experiences with the TMS0100 and Boone's 8-bit microprocessor prototype they went on to design the 4-bit TMS1000 microcontroller series. Boone was later awarded U.S. Patent 4,074,351 for the modern microcontroller.

After being slightly refined, the chip was released to general market in 1974. A few dozen different variations were created with various ROM and RAM sizes. Due to its cheap price, the TMS1000 family enjoyed a tremendous success in consumer electronics.

Architecture

Texas Instruments TMS1000 family of 4-bit microcontrollers was introduced in 1974.

• The TMS1000 microcontrollers had very simple design - only 2 4-bit general registers, 43 instructions (expanded to 54 instructions

in TMS1100/TMS1300 ), 1-level deep stack, shift-register program counter and no interrupts.

• The TMS1000/TMS1070 were basic microcontrollers with 1 KB of masked ROM and 64 x 4 bits of RAM.

ROM and RAM memory size was doubled on TMS1100 microcontrollers.

• TMS1200/TMS1270/TMS1300 microcontrollers were similar to TMS1000/TMS1070/TMS1100 respectively, but had more output lines.

The TMS1070 and TMS1270 could directly interface to high voltage VF displays.

Parts

Part Number	ROM	RAM	I/O Pins	Technology	Notes
TMS1000	1KB	64x4	23 (11R/8O)	pMOS	43 instructions, DIP28
TMS1000C	1KB	64x4	23	CMOS	Identical to TMS1000, CMOS
TMS1018	-	64x4	4 ?	pMOS
TMS1070	1KB	64x4	23	pMOS	Built-in VF display controllers
TMS1098	-	128x4	28 (16R/8O)	pMOS	ROM-less version, DIP64
TMS1099	-	64x4	25 (13R/8O)	pMOS	ROM-less version, DIP64
TMS1099C	-	64x4	25	CMOS	Identical to TMS1099, CMOS
TMS1100	2KB	128x4	23 (11R/8O)	pMOS	54 instructions, DIP28
TMS1170	2KB	128x4	23	pMOS	Built-in VF display controllers
TMS1200	1KB	64x4	25 (13R/8O)	pMOS	43 instructions, DIP40
TMS1200C	1KB	64x4	25	CMOS	Identical to TMS1200, CMOS
TMS1270	1KB	64x4	25	pMOS	Built-in VF display controllers
TMS1300	2KB	128x8	23 (11R/8O)	pMOS	54 instructions, DIP40
TMS1370	2KB	128x8	23	pMOS	Built-in VF display controllers
TMS1400	4KB	128x4	22	pMOS	54 instructions, DIP28
TMS1470	4KB	128x4	22	pMOS	Built-in VF display controllers
TMS1600	4KB	128x4	33	pMOS	54 instructions, DIP40
TMS1670	4KB	128x4	33	pMOS	Built-in VF display controllers
TMS1700	512B	32x4	21	pMOS	43 instructions, DIP28
TMS2000	1KB	64x4		nMOS	nMOS version of TMS1000
TMS2100	2KB	128x4		nMOS	nMOS version of TMS1100
TMS2200	1KB	64x4		nMOS	nMOS version of TMS1200
TMS2300	2KB	128x8		nMOS	nMOS version of TMS1300
TMS2098	-	128x4		nMOS	engineering sample
TMS2099	-	64x4		nMOS	engineering sample

Production chips

• TMS1000JL / TMS1000JDL / TMS1000JDLC • 28-pin ceramic side-brazed DIP
• TMS1000NL / TMS1000NLL / TMS1000NLP • 28-pin plastic DIP
• TMS1070JL / TMS1070JDL • 28-pin ceramic side-brazed DIP
• TMS1070NL • 28-pin plastic DIP
• TMS1100JL / TMS1100JDL • 28-pin ceramic side-brazed DIP
• TMS1100NL • 28-pin plastic DIP
• TMS1200JL / TMS1200JDL • 40-pin ceramic side-brazed DIP
• TMS1200NL • 40-pin plastic DIP
• TMS1270JL / TMS1270JDL • 40-pin ceramic side-brazed DIP
• TMS1270NL • 40-pin plastic DIP
• TMS1300JL / TMS1300JDL • 40-pin ceramic side-brazed DIP
• TMS1300NL / TMS1300NLP • 40-pin plastic DIP

Applications

The TMS1000 was cheap enough to be used in everything from TI's own calculators to microwave ovens, washers, jukeboxes, video games, toys, games, and thousands of other electronic products. Over one hundred million processors were sold.

Museum displays

• TMS1000, Computer History Museum - note that the description on the museum website is actually incorrect. The chip is correctly identified as TMS1000NL, however the description is confusing it with TI's primitive calculator chip TMS1802C of the TMS0100 series, which is unrelated to the TMS1000 series, despite the similar numbering used.

System

Games

• TMS0970

1977, Milton Bradley Comp IV

1977, Code Name: Sector

• TMS1000

1979, Milton Bradley Simon

1979, MicroVision Blockbuster

• TMS1100

1979, MicroVision Star Trek Phaser Strike

1979, MicroVision Mindbuster

1979, MicroVision Vegas Slots

1979, MicroVision Bowling

1979, MicroVision Connect Four

1980, MicroVision Base ball

1980, MicroVision Pinball

1980, MicroVision Sea Duel

1980, MicroVision Alien Raiders

1980, Tomy Atomic Pinball

1981, MicroVision Cosmic Hunter

1982, MicroVision Super Blockbuster

1985, Capsela CRC2000

• TMS1400

1979, Kosmos Astro (TMS1470)

1980, Parker Brothers Bank Shot

1980, Parker Brothers Split Second

1980, Coleco Total Control 4

See also

• TMS7000 • 8-bit (1981)

TMS7000 • TMS7020 • TMS7040 • nMOS (5V)

TMS70C00 • TMS70C20 • TMS70C40 • CMOS (1983)

• TMS370 (1989)

Documents

• TMS1000 Series Programmer's Reference Manual, 1975
• TMS1000 Series Data Manua, 1976
• TMS1000 Series, 1975