From WikiChip
Difference between revisions of "phytium/microarchitectures/mars i"
< phytium

(mars i)
 
Line 42: Line 42:
 
{{main|phytium/microarchitectures/xiaomi|l1=Xiaomi Core}}
 
{{main|phytium/microarchitectures/xiaomi|l1=Xiaomi Core}}
 
See {{\\|Xiaomi|Xiaomi Core}}.
 
See {{\\|Xiaomi|Xiaomi Core}}.
 +
 +
=== Panel Architecture ===
 +
[[File:xiaomi panel-based data affinity architecture.png|right|450px]]
 +
Phytium organizes their processors using a grid-layout they call '''Panels''' they call '''Panel-based data affinity architecture'''.  Each panel consists of 8 independent [[ARMv8]]-compatible cores. Phytium "Mars" processor consists of 8 such panels for a total of [[64 cores]]. Panels are interconnected with a 2-dimensional mesh network-on-a-chip [[level 2 cache]] with 4 MiB per panel for a total of 32 MiB.
 +
 +
In addition to the main die, Mars uses an additional '''Cache & Memory chips''' ('''CMC''') auxiliary chips. "Mars" uses 8 such chips connected to the main die providing 16 MiB of [[level 3 cache]] for a total of 128 MiB as well as 8 dual-channel DDR3-1600 [[memory controller]]s for a total maximum bandwidth of 204 GiB/s. Mars also provides two 16-lane PCIe 3.0 interfaces. The chips incorporates ECC and parity protection on all caches, tags, and TLBs.
 +
 +
==== Panel ====
 +
Each Panel consists of 8 cores - each [[ARMv8]]-compatible, supporting AArch32 and AArch64 modes, Exception Levels EL0-EL3, as well as ASIMD-128 operations. Each core has its own inclusive [[L1 cache]] and a shared [[L2 cache]] (4 MiB per panel). Each panel contains two '''Directory Control Units''' ('''DCU''') which are in charge of maintaining directory-based [[cache coherency]] and one routing cell for managing the inter-panel communication.
 +
 +
On TSMC's [[28 nm process]], a panel is 6,000 µm x 10,600 µm (63.6 mm²).
 +
 +
{| style="border-spacing: 15px;"
 +
| [[File:xiaomi panel.png|400px]] || &nbsp; || [[File:xiaomi panel die (28nm).png|300px]]
 +
|}
 +
 +
==== Cache & Memory Chip (CMC) ====
 +
[[File:xiaomi cmc.png|right|300px]]
 +
The solve the complexity involved in having more than eight memory controllers on a chip, Xiaomi uses a coupled auxiliary '''Cache & Memory Chip''' ('''CMC''') to scale the bandwidth with computing power. In the case of Phytium "Mars" chip which contains 64 cores on 8 panels, eight CMC chips are used which provides 16 DDR3 controllers (8x2) along with 16 MiB of data L3 cache and 2 MiB of data ECC. Phytium proprietary interface is used between the processor and the CMC chip.
 +
 +
{|
 +
| [[File:xiaomi latency.png|600px]] ||
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
! Memory access !! Latency(ns)
 +
|-
 +
|Local L1 cache hit || ~2
 +
|-
 +
|Local L2 cache hit || ~8
 +
|-
 +
|Affinitive L2 cache hit || ~20
 +
|-
 +
|Affinitive L3 cache hit || ~36
 +
|-
 +
|Affinitive DDR access || ~70
 +
|}
 +
|}
 +
* Panel & NoC operates @ 2 GHz
 +
* CMC operates @ 1.5 GHz
  
 
== Die ==
 
== Die ==

Revision as of 20:00, 16 March 2019

Edit Values
Mars I µarch
General Info
Arch TypeCPU
DesignerPhytium
ManufacturerTSMC
Introduction2017
Process28 nm
Core Configs64
Pipeline
TypeSuperscalar, Pipelined
OoOEYes
SpeculativeYes
Reg RenamingYes
Instructions
ISAARMv8
Succession

Mars I is the first many-core ARM SoC microarchitecture designed by Phytium Technology for the Chinese server market.

Process technology

Mars I is designed for TSMC's 28 nm process.

Architecture

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Block diagram

Entire SoC

mars ii soc block diagram.svg

Panel

mars ii panel block diagram.svg

Core

Main article: Xiaomi Core

See Xiaomi Core.

Panel Architecture

xiaomi panel-based data affinity architecture.png

Phytium organizes their processors using a grid-layout they call Panels they call Panel-based data affinity architecture. Each panel consists of 8 independent ARMv8-compatible cores. Phytium "Mars" processor consists of 8 such panels for a total of 64 cores. Panels are interconnected with a 2-dimensional mesh network-on-a-chip level 2 cache with 4 MiB per panel for a total of 32 MiB.

In addition to the main die, Mars uses an additional Cache & Memory chips (CMC) auxiliary chips. "Mars" uses 8 such chips connected to the main die providing 16 MiB of level 3 cache for a total of 128 MiB as well as 8 dual-channel DDR3-1600 memory controllers for a total maximum bandwidth of 204 GiB/s. Mars also provides two 16-lane PCIe 3.0 interfaces. The chips incorporates ECC and parity protection on all caches, tags, and TLBs.

Panel

Each Panel consists of 8 cores - each ARMv8-compatible, supporting AArch32 and AArch64 modes, Exception Levels EL0-EL3, as well as ASIMD-128 operations. Each core has its own inclusive L1 cache and a shared L2 cache (4 MiB per panel). Each panel contains two Directory Control Units (DCU) which are in charge of maintaining directory-based cache coherency and one routing cell for managing the inter-panel communication.

On TSMC's 28 nm process, a panel is 6,000 µm x 10,600 µm (63.6 mm²).

xiaomi panel.png   xiaomi panel die (28nm).png

Cache & Memory Chip (CMC)

xiaomi cmc.png

The solve the complexity involved in having more than eight memory controllers on a chip, Xiaomi uses a coupled auxiliary Cache & Memory Chip (CMC) to scale the bandwidth with computing power. In the case of Phytium "Mars" chip which contains 64 cores on 8 panels, eight CMC chips are used which provides 16 DDR3 controllers (8x2) along with 16 MiB of data L3 cache and 2 MiB of data ECC. Phytium proprietary interface is used between the processor and the CMC chip.

xiaomi latency.png
Memory access Latency(ns)
Local L1 cache hit ~2
Local L2 cache hit ~8
Affinitive L2 cache hit ~20
Affinitive L3 cache hit ~36
Affinitive DDR access ~70
  • Panel & NoC operates @ 2 GHz
  • CMC operates @ 1.5 GHz

Die

SoC

  • Mars is fabricated on TSMC's 28 nm process
  • 10 metal layers
  • ~180 million instances
  • 639.576 mm² die size
  • FCBGA Package
    • ~3000 pins
  • 0.9 VCORE, 1.8 VIO
  • 2 GHz, 120 W
xiaomi floor plan.png
Retrieved from "https://en.wikichip.org/w/index.php?title=phytium/microarchitectures/mars_i&oldid=87159"
Facts about "Mars I - Microarchitectures - Phytium"
RDF feed
codenameMars I +
core count64 +
designerPhytium +
first launched2017 +
full page namephytium/microarchitectures/mars i +
instance ofmicroarchitecture +
instruction set architectureARMv8 +
manufacturerTSMC +
microarchitecture typeCPU +
nameMars I +
process28 nm (0.028 μm, 2.8e-5 mm) +