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== Technology == | == Technology == | ||
| − | Broadwell is designed to be manufactured using [[14 nm]] Tri-gate [[FinFET]] transistors. This correlates to 8 nm Fin width and a 42 nm Fin pitch (shown to the right). | + | Broadwell is designed to be manufactured using [[14 nm]] Tri-gate [[FinFET]] transistors. This correlates to 8 nm Fin width and a 42 nm Fin pitch (shown to the right). SRAM cell is at .0588 um<sup>2</sup>. |
Scaling: | Scaling: | ||
Revision as of 03:54, 22 April 2016
| Edit Values | |
| Broadwell µarch | |
| General Info |
Broadwell (BDW) is Intel's microarchitecture based on the 14 nm process for mobile, desktops, and servers. Introduced in early 2015, Broadwell is a process shrink of Haswell which introduced several enhancements. Broadwell is named after Broadwell, Illinois.
For desktop and mobile, Broadwell is branded as 5th Generation Intel Core processors. For single-socket servers, Intel branded it as Xeon E3 v4.
Contents
Codenames
| Core | Abbrev | Target |
|---|---|---|
| Broadwell Y | BDW-Y | Core M family, SoC for Smartphones, 2-in-1s Tablets, and notebooks |
| Broadwell U | BDW-U | Core ultrabooks |
| Broadwell H | BDW-H | IoT (QM87, HM86/HM87 Chipsets), All-in-ones |
| Broadwell DT | BDW-DT | Unlocked desktop MPUs |
| Broadwell EP | BDW-EP | Xeon E5, Dual-Processor platform |
| Broadwell EX | BDW-EX | Xeon E5, Multi-Processor platform, QPI |
| Broadwell E | BDW-E | High-End Desktops (HEDT) |
Technology
Broadwell is designed to be manufactured using 14 nm Tri-gate FinFET transistors. This correlates to 8 nm Fin width and a 42 nm Fin pitch (shown to the right). SRAM cell is at .0588 um2.
Scaling:
| Haswell | Broadwell | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 22 nm | 14 nm | ||
| Fin Pitch | 60 nm | 42 nm | 0.70x |
| Gate Pitch | 90 nm | 70 nm | 0.78x |
| Interconnect Pitch | 80 nm | 52 nm | 0.65x |
Architecture
Broadwell is for the most part identical to Haswell with several enhancements, including new instruction set extensions.
Key changes from Haswell
- ~5% IPC improvement
- FP multiplication instructions has reduced latency (3 cycles, down from 5)
- Affects AVX, SSE, and FP instructions
- CLMUL instructions are now a single μop, improving latency and throughput
- The second-level TLB (STLB)
- Table was enlarged (1,536 entries, up from 1024)
- 1GB page mode (16 entries, 4-ways set associative)
- Larger out-of-order scheduler
- Faster store-to-load forwarding
- Address prediction for branches and returns was improved
- Improved cryptography acceleration instructions
Core features maintained a 2:1 ratio of performance:power.
Graphics
- 50% higher sampler throughput
- Improvements for increased geometry, Z, Pixel Fill
- Direct X 11.2, OpenGL 4.3
- OpenCL 1.2 and 2.0 (with Shared Virtual Memory)
- Up to 24 EUs (20% addition, up from 20 in Haswell), 48 EUs on Iris Pro Graphics
New instructions
- Main article: See #Added_instructions for the complete list
Broadwell introduced a number of new instructions:
-
RDSEED- Generates 16, 32 or 64 bit random numbers seeds (NIST SP 800-90B & NIST SP 800-90C) -
ADCX- Arbitrary precision integer operations -
PREFETCHW- Prefetch data into caches, hinting a write is expected in the future
Block Diagram
Memory Hierarchy
- Cache
- L1 Cache:
- 32 KB 8-way set associative instruction, 64 B line size
- 32 KB 8-way set associative data, 64 B line size
- Write-back policy
- Per core
- L2 Cache:
- 256 KB 8-way set associative, 64 B line size
- Write-back policy
- Per core
- L3 Cache:
- 1.5 - 3 MB per core, 64 B line size
- 16-20 -way set associative
- Write-back policy
- L4 Cache:
- 128 MB
- eDRAM
- shared with GPU (Crystal Well)
- Iris Pro models only
- L1 Cache:
Broadwell TLB consists of dedicated level one TLB for instruction cache and another one for data cache. Additionally there is a unified second level TLB.
- TLBs:
- ITLB
- 4KB page translations:
- 128 entries; 4-way set associative
- dynamic partition; divided between the two threads
- 2MB/4MB page translations:
- 8 entries; fully associative
- Duplicated for each thread
- 4KB page translations:
- DTLB
- 4KB page translations:
- 64 entries; 4-way set associative
- fixed partition; divided between the two threads
- 2MB/4MB page translations:
- 32 entries; 4-way set associative
- 1G page translations:
- 4 entries; 4-way set associative
- 4KB page translations:
- STLB
- 4KB+2M page translations:
- 1536 entries; 6-way set associative
- shared
- 1GB page translations:
- 16 entries; 4-way set associative
- 4KB+2M page translations:
- ITLB
Pipeline
- Main article: Haswell's Pipeline
Broadwell's pipeline is identical to Haswell.
Die
Dual-core Broadwell die:
- 1,300,000,000 transistors
- 82 mm2
Dual-core Broadwell with Iris Pro die:
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Added instructions
RDSEED - Generates 16, 32 or 64 bit random numbers seeds (both NIST SP 800-90B and NIST SP 800-90C compliant)
ADCX - Arbitrary precision integer operations
PREFETCHW - Prefetch data into caches, hinting a write is expected in the future.
Cores
 |
This section is empty; you can help add the missing info by editing this page. |
All Broadwell Chips
... further results| Broadwell Chips | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Main processor | IGP | ||||||||||
| Model | µarch | Platform | Core | Launched | SDP | TDP | Freq | Max Mem | Name | Freq | Max Freq |
| 3755U | Broadwell | Broadwell U | 5 January 2015 | 15 W 15,000 mW 0.0201 hp 0.015 kW | 1,700 MHz 1.7 GHz 1,700,000 kHz | 16,384 MiB 16,777,216 KiB 17,179,869,184 B 16 GiB 0.0156 TiB | Intel HD Graphics (Broadwell) | 100 MHz 0.1 GHz 100,000 KHz | 800 MHz 0.8 GHz 800,000 KHz | ||
| i5-5350H | Broadwell | 15 April 2015 | 47 W 47,000 mW 0.063 hp 0.047 kW | 3,100 MHz 3.1 GHz 3,100,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | Intel Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 1,050 MHz 1.05 GHz 1,050,000 KHz | |||
| i5-5575R | Broadwell | 15 April 2015 | 65 W 65,000 mW 0.0872 hp 0.065 kW | 2,800 MHz 2.8 GHz 2,800,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | Intel Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 1,050 MHz 1.05 GHz 1,050,000 KHz | |||
| i5-5675C | Broadwell | 15 April 2015 | 65 W 65,000 mW 0.0872 hp 0.065 kW | 3,100 MHz 3.1 GHz 3,100,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | Intel Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 1,100 MHz 1.1 GHz 1,100,000 KHz | |||
| i5-5675R | Broadwell | 15 April 2015 | 65 W 65,000 mW 0.0872 hp 0.065 kW | 3,100 MHz 3.1 GHz 3,100,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | Intel Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 1,100 MHz 1.1 GHz 1,100,000 KHz | |||
| i7-5500DU | Broadwell | Broadwell U | 2016 | 2,400 MHz 2.4 GHz 2,400,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | ||||||
| i7-5750HQ | Broadwell | 15 April 2015 | 47 W 47,000 mW 0.063 hp 0.047 kW | 2,500 MHz 2.5 GHz 2,500,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | Intel Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 1,050 MHz 1.05 GHz 1,050,000 KHz | |||
| i7-5775C | Broadwell | 15 April 2015 | 65 W 65,000 mW 0.0872 hp 0.065 kW | 3,300 MHz 3.3 GHz 3,300,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | Intel Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 1,150 MHz 1.15 GHz 1,150,000 KHz | |||
| i7-5775R | Broadwell | 15 April 2015 | 65 W 65,000 mW 0.0872 hp 0.065 kW | 3,300 MHz 3.3 GHz 3,300,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | Intel Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 1,150 MHz 1.15 GHz 1,150,000 KHz | |||
| i7-5850EQ | Broadwell | 2 June 2015 | 47 W 47,000 mW 0.063 hp 0.047 kW | 2,700 MHz 2.7 GHz 2,700,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | Intel Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 1,000 MHz 1 GHz 1,000,000 KHz | |||
| i7-5850HQ | Broadwell | 2 June 2015 | 47 W 47,000 mW 0.063 hp 0.047 kW | 2,700 MHz 2.7 GHz 2,700,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | Intel Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 1,100 MHz 1.1 GHz 1,100,000 KHz | |||
| i7-5950HQ | Broadwell | 2 June 2015 | 47 W 47,000 mW 0.063 hp 0.047 kW | 2,900 MHz 2.9 GHz 2,900,000 kHz | 32,768 MiB 33,554,432 KiB 34,359,738,368 B 32 GiB 0.0313 TiB | Intel Iris Pro Graphics 6200 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 1,150 MHz 1.15 GHz 1,150,000 KHz | |||
| i7-6950X | Broadwell | Broadwell E | 31 May 2016 | 140 W 140,000 mW 0.188 hp 0.14 kW | 3,000 MHz 3 GHz 3,000,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | |||||
| 5Y10 | Broadwell | Broadwell Y | 2 September 2014 | 4.5 W 4,500 mW 0.00603 hp 0.0045 kW | 800 MHz 0.8 GHz 800,000 kHz | 16,384 MiB 16,777,216 KiB 17,179,869,184 B 16 GiB 0.0156 TiB | Intel HD Graphics 5300 | 100 MHz 0.1 GHz 100,000 KHz | 800 MHz 0.8 GHz 800,000 KHz | ||
| 5Y10a | Broadwell | Broadwell Y | 2 September 2014 | 4.5 W 4,500 mW 0.00603 hp 0.0045 kW | 800 MHz 0.8 GHz 800,000 kHz | 16,384 MiB 16,777,216 KiB 17,179,869,184 B 16 GiB 0.0156 TiB | Intel HD Graphics 5300 | 100 MHz 0.1 GHz 100,000 KHz | 800 MHz 0.8 GHz 800,000 KHz | ||
| 5Y10c | Broadwell | Broadwell Y | January 2015 | 3.5 W 3,500 mW 0.00469 hp 0.0035 kW | 4.5 W 4,500 mW 0.00603 hp 0.0045 kW | 800 MHz 0.8 GHz 800,000 kHz | 16,384 MiB 16,777,216 KiB 17,179,869,184 B 16 GiB 0.0156 TiB | Intel HD Graphics 5300 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 800 MHz 0.8 GHz 800,000 KHz | |
| 5Y31 | Broadwell | Broadwell Y | January 2015 | 3.5 W 3,500 mW 0.00469 hp 0.0035 kW | 4.5 W 4,500 mW 0.00603 hp 0.0045 kW | 900 MHz 0.9 GHz 900,000 kHz | 16,384 MiB 16,777,216 KiB 17,179,869,184 B 16 GiB 0.0156 TiB | Intel HD Graphics 5300 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 850 MHz 0.85 GHz 850,000 KHz | |
| 5Y51 | Broadwell | Broadwell Y | January 2015 | 3.5 W 3,500 mW 0.00469 hp 0.0035 kW | 4.5 W 4,500 mW 0.00603 hp 0.0045 kW | 1,100 MHz 1.1 GHz 1,100,000 kHz | 16,384 MiB 16,777,216 KiB 17,179,869,184 B 16 GiB 0.0156 TiB | Intel HD Graphics 5300 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 900 MHz 0.9 GHz 900,000 KHz | |
| 5Y70 | Broadwell | Broadwell Y | 2 September 2014 | 4.5 W 4,500 mW 0.00603 hp 0.0045 kW | 1,100 MHz 1.1 GHz 1,100,000 kHz | 16,384 MiB 16,777,216 KiB 17,179,869,184 B 16 GiB 0.0156 TiB | Intel HD Graphics 5300 | 100 MHz 0.1 GHz 100,000 KHz | 800 MHz 0.8 GHz 800,000 KHz | ||
| 5Y71 | Broadwell | Broadwell Y | January 2015 | 3.5 W 3,500 mW 0.00469 hp 0.0035 kW | 4.5 W 4,500 mW 0.00603 hp 0.0045 kW | 1,200 MHz 1.2 GHz 1,200,000 kHz | 16,384 MiB 16,777,216 KiB 17,179,869,184 B 16 GiB 0.0156 TiB | Intel HD Graphics 5300 | 300 MHz 0.3 GHz 300,000 KHz | 900 MHz 0.9 GHz 900,000 KHz | |
| D-1513N | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | July 2017 | 35 W 35,000 mW 0.0469 hp 0.035 kW | 1,600 MHz 1.6 GHz 1,600,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1518 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 9 March 2015 | 35 W 35,000 mW 0.0469 hp 0.035 kW | 2,200 MHz 2.2 GHz 2,200,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1520 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 9 March 2015 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 2,200 MHz 2.2 GHz 2,200,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1521 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 1 November 2015 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 2,400 MHz 2.4 GHz 2,400,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1523N | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | July 2017 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 2,000 MHz 2 GHz 2,000,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1527 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 1 November 2015 | 35 W 35,000 mW 0.0469 hp 0.035 kW | 2,200 MHz 2.2 GHz 2,200,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1528 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 1 November 2015 | 35 W 35,000 mW 0.0469 hp 0.035 kW | 1,900 MHz 1.9 GHz 1,900,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1529 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | April 2016 | 20 W 20,000 mW 0.0268 hp 0.02 kW | 1,300 MHz 1.3 GHz 1,300,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1531 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 1 November 2015 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 2,200 MHz 2.2 GHz 2,200,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1533N | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | July 2017 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 2,100 MHz 2.1 GHz 2,100,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1537 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 1 November 2015 | 35 W 35,000 mW 0.0469 hp 0.035 kW | 1,700 MHz 1.7 GHz 1,700,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1539 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | April 2016 | 35 W 35,000 mW 0.0469 hp 0.035 kW | 1,600 MHz 1.6 GHz 1,600,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1540 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 9 March 2015 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 2,000 MHz 2 GHz 2,000,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1541 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 1 November 2015 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 2,100 MHz 2.1 GHz 2,100,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1543N | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | July 2017 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 1,900 MHz 1.9 GHz 1,900,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1548 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 1 November 2015 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 2,000 MHz 2 GHz 2,000,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1553N | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | July 2017 | 65 W 65,000 mW 0.0872 hp 0.065 kW | 2,300 MHz 2.3 GHz 2,300,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1557 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 24 February 2016 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 1,500 MHz 1.5 GHz 1,500,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1559 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | April 2016 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 1,500 MHz 1.5 GHz 1,500,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1567 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 24 February 2016 | 65 W 65,000 mW 0.0872 hp 0.065 kW | 2,100 MHz 2.1 GHz 2,100,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1571 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 24 February 2016 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 1,300 MHz 1.3 GHz 1,300,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1577 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 24 February 2016 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 1,300 MHz 1.3 GHz 1,300,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1581 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 24 February 2016 | 65 W 65,000 mW 0.0872 hp 0.065 kW | 1,800 MHz 1.8 GHz 1,800,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1587 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Broadwell DE | 24 February 2016 | 65 W 65,000 mW 0.0872 hp 0.065 kW | 1,700 MHz 1.7 GHz 1,700,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1602 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Hewitt Lake | 2 April 2019 | 27 W 27,000 mW 0.0362 hp 0.027 kW | 2,500 MHz 2.5 GHz 2,500,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1612 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Hewitt Lake | 2 April 2019 | 22 W 22,000 mW 0.0295 hp 0.022 kW | 1,500 MHz 1.5 GHz 1,500,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1622 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Hewitt Lake | 2 April 2019 | 40 W 40,000 mW 0.0536 hp 0.04 kW | 2,600 MHz 2.6 GHz 2,600,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1623N | Broadwell | Grangeville | Hewitt Lake | 2 April 2019 | 35 W 35,000 mW 0.0469 hp 0.035 kW | 2,400 MHz 2.4 GHz 2,400,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1627 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Hewitt Lake | 2 April 2019 | 45 W 45,000 mW 0.0603 hp 0.045 kW | 2,900 MHz 2.9 GHz 2,900,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||
| D-1632 | Broadwell | Grangeville | Hewitt Lake | 2 April 2019 | 30 W 30,000 mW 0.0402 hp 0.03 kW | 1,500 MHz 1.5 GHz 1,500,000 kHz | 131,072 MiB 134,217,728 KiB 137,438,953,472 B 128 GiB 0.125 TiB | ||||