Editing ti/tms1000

{{ti title|TMS1000 Series}}{{confuse|TMS0100}}
{{ic family
| title        = TMS1000 Series
| developer    = [[Texas Instruments]]
| manufacturer = [[Texas Instruments]]
| production   = [[1974]]-[[1980]]s
| release      = 1974
| arch         = [[4-bit architecture|4-bit]]
| proc         = [[8μm]]
| clock        = Up to 400kHz
}}
The '''TMS1000 Series''' (or TMS 1000) was a [[microprocessor family|family]] of [[4-bit architecture|4-bit]] [[microcontroller]]s designed and manufactured by [[Texas Instruments]] in the early 1970s. Originally made using [[pMOS logic|pMOS]] technology, TI later expended the family into [[nMOS logic|nMOS]] and [[CMOS]].

==History==
In September of 1971, TI finished the design for their {{ti|TMS0100}} single-chip calculators. Designs where done by the [[Texas Instruments]] engineers Gary Boone and Michael Cochran.  Gary patented the invention for a single-chip processing machine on Aug 31, 1971. On Sep 4 1973, he was awarded [http://www.google.com/patents/US3757306 U.S. Patent 3,757,306]. Building on top of their experiences with the {{ti|TMS0100}} and Boone's [[8-bit architecture|8-bit]] microprocessor prototype (the {{ti|TMX1795}}) they went on to design the 4-bit TMS1000 microcontroller series. Boone was later awarded [https://www.google.com/patents/US4074351 U.S. Patent 4,074,351] for the modern microcontroller. 

After being slightly refined, the chip was released to general market in 1974. A few dozen different variations were created with various ROM and RAM sizes. Due to its cheap price, the TMS1000 family enjoyed a tremendous success in consumer electronics.

== Applications==
The TMS1000 was cheap enough to be used in everything from TI's own calculators to microwave ovens, washers, jukeboxes, video games, toys, games, and thousands of other electronic products. Over one hundred million processors were sold.

==Museum displays==
* [http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102711697 TMS1000], [[Computer History Museum]] - note that the description on the museum website is actually incorrect. The chip is correctly identified as ''TMS1000NL'', however the description is confusing it with TI's primitive calculator chip ''TMS1802C'' of the {{ti|TMS0100}} series, which is unrelated to the TMS1000 series, despite the similar numbering used.

== Parts ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Part Number !! ROM !! RAM !! I/O Pins !! Technology !! Notes
|-
| [[/tms1000|TMS1000]]   || 1KB || 64x4  || 23 || [[pMOS logic|pMOS]] ||
|-
| [[/tms1000c|TMS1000C]] || 1KB || 64x4  || 23 || [[CMOS]] || Identical to [[/tms1000|TMS1000]], CMOS
|-
| [[/tms1018|TMS1018]]   || -   || 64x4  || 4  || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms1070|TMS1070]]   || 1KB || 64x4  ||    || pMOS     || Built-in VF display controllers
|-
| [[/tms1098|TMS1098]]   || -   || 128x4 ||    || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms1099|TMS1099]]   || -   || 64x4  ||    || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms1099c|TMS1099C]] || -   || 64x4  ||    || CMOS     || Identical to [[/tms1099|TMS1099]], CMOS
|-
| [[/tms1100|TMS1100]]   || 2KB || 128x4 ||    || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms1117|TMS1117]]   || 2KB || 128x4 ||    || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms1200|TMS1200]]   || 1KB || 64x4  ||    || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms1200c|TMS1200C]] || 1KB || 64x4  ||    || CMOS     || Identical to [[/tms1200|TMS1200]], CMOS
|-
| [[/tms1270|TMS1270]]   || 1KB || 64x4  ||    || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms1300|TMS1300]]   || 2KB || 128x8 || 23 || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms1400|TMS1400]]   || 4KB || 128x4 || 22 || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms1600|TMS1600]]   || 4KB || 128x4 || 33 || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms1700|TMS1700]]   || 512B|| 32x4  || 21 || pMOS     ||
|-
| [[/tms2000|TMS2000]]   || 1KB || 64x4  ||    || [[nMOS logic|nMOS]]     || [[nMOS logic|nMOS]] version of [[/tms1000|TMS1000]]
|-
| [[/tms2100|TMS2100]]   || 2KB || 128x4 ||    || nMOS     || [[nMOS logic|nMOS]] version of [[/tms1100|TMS1100]]
|-
| [[/tms2200|TMS2200]]   || 1KB || 64x4  ||    || nMOS     || [[nMOS logic|nMOS]] version of [[/tms1200|TMS1200]]
|-
| [[/tms2300|TMS2300]]   || 2KB || 128x8 ||    || nMOS     || [[nMOS logic|nMOS]] version of [[/tms1300|TMS1300]]
|-
| [[/tms2098|TMS2098]]   || -   || 128x4 ||    || nMOS     || [[engineering sample]]
|-
| [[/tms2099|TMS2099]]   || -   || 64x4  ||    || nMOS     || [[engineering sample]]
|}

== Architecture ==
{{expand section}}
The TMS 1000 had a relatively simple design with only 43 instructions and 2 general purpose registers. Similar to the [[Intel 4004]], the chip only had a single level of stack and no interrupts.

==Documents==
* [[:File:TMS1000 Series Programmer's reference manual.pdf|TMS1000 Series Programmer's Reference Manual]], 1975
* [[:File:TMS 1000 Series Data Manual Dec76.pdf|TMS1000 Series Data Manua]], 1976
* [[:File:TMS 1000 Series MOS LSI One-Chip Microcomputers 1975.pdf|TMS1000 Series]], 1975

==References ==
{{reflist}}


{{stub}}
designer	Texas Instruments +
full page name	ti/tms1000 +
instance of	integrated circuit family +
main designer	Texas Instruments +
manufacturer	Texas Instruments +
name	TI TMS1000 Series +
package	DIP28 + and DIP40 +
process	8,000 nm (8 μm, 0.008 mm) +
technology	pMOS +, nMOS + and CMOS +
word size	4 bit (0.5 octets, 1 nibbles) +