From WikiChip
Editing arm holdings/microarchitectures/cortex-a8

Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.

The edit can be undone. Please check the comparison below to verify that this is what you want to do, and then save the changes below to finish undoing the edit.

This page supports semantic in-text annotations (e.g. "[[Is specified as::World Heritage Site]]") to build structured and queryable content provided by Semantic MediaWiki. For a comprehensive description on how to use annotations or the #ask parser function, please have a look at the getting started, in-text annotation, or inline queries help pages.

Latest revision Your text
Line 8: Line 8:
 
|process=65 nm
 
|process=65 nm
 
|process 2=45 nm
 
|process 2=45 nm
|type=Superscalar
 
|type 2=Pipelined
 
|oooe=No
 
|speculative=Yes
 
|stages=13
 
|decode=2-way
 
|isa=ARMv7
 
|extension=NEON
 
|extension 2=TrustZone
 
|extension 3=Thumb-2
 
|extension 4=Jazelle-RCT
 
|extension 5=VFPv3
 
 
|predecessor=ARM11
 
|predecessor=ARM11
 
|predecessor link=arm_holdings/microarchitectures/arm11
 
|predecessor link=arm_holdings/microarchitectures/arm11
Line 25: Line 13:
 
|successor link=arm_holdings/microarchitectures/cortex-a9
 
|successor link=arm_holdings/microarchitectures/cortex-a9
 
}}
 
}}
'''Cortex-A8''' (codename '''Tiger''') is the successor to the {{armh|ARM11|l=arch}}, a low-power performance [[ARM]] [[microarchitecture]] designed by [[ARM Holdings]] for the mobile market. This microarchitecture is designed as an [[IP core]] and is sold to other semiconductor companies to be implemented in their own chips. The Cortex-A8 was designed by the Arm Austin design center.
+
'''Cortex-A8''' is the successor to the {{armh|ARM11|l=arch}}, a low-power performance [[ARM]] [[microarchitecture]] designed by [[ARM Holdings]] for the mobile market. This microarchitecture is designed as a synthesizable [[IP core]] and is sold to other semiconductor companies to be implemented in their own chips.
 
 
== Compiler support ==
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
! Compiler !! Arch-Specific || Arch-Favorable
 
|-
 
| [[Arm Compiler]] || <code>-mcpu=cortex-a8</code> || <code>-mtune=cortex-a8</code>
 
|-
 
| [[GCC]] || <code>-mcpu=cortex-a8</code> || <code>-mtune=cortex-a8</code>
 
|-
 
| [[LLVM]] || <code>-mcpu=cortex-a8</code> || <code>-mtune=cortex-a8</code>
 
|}
 
 
 
One can specify {{arm|NEON}} support using the <code>-mfpu=neon</code> option. Note that GCC will not generate floating-point operations for auto-vectorization constructs because [[NEON]], under [[ARMv7]], is not fully [[IEEE 754]]-compliant. It's possible to use <code>-funsafe-math-optimizations</code> to circumvent that behavior.
 
 
 
== Architecture ==
 
The Cortex-A8 was the first application processor from the {{armh|Cortex}} family. It is also [[Arm]]'s first superscalar, dual-issue microprocessor.
 
 
 
=== Key changes from {{\\|ARM11}} ===
 
* [[65 nm process]] (from [[90 nm]])
 
* [[ARMv7]] (from [[ARMv6]])
 
** Support for {{arm|NEON}} (ASIMD)
 
** {{arm|VFPv3}} (from {{arm|VFPv2}})
 
** {{arm|TrustZone}}
 
** {{arm|Thumb-2}}
 
** {{arm|Jazelle-RCT}} (Realtime Compilation Target)
 
* ARM reported 2.0 DMIPS/MHz (up from 1.2 DMIPS/MHz)
 
** Average IPC reported is 0.9 (based on SPECint95, EEMBC, Mediabench, and others)
 
* First [[superscalar]] design
 
** dual-issue (from single-issue)
 
** in-order
 
** 13-stage pipeline (up from 8 stages)
 
** Targets frequency up to 1 GHz
 
* First NEON implementation
 
** 10-stage pipeline
 
* Dedicated private L2 cache
 
 
 
=== Block Diagram ===
 
[[File:cortex-a8 block diagram.svg|900px]]
 
 
 
=== Memory Hierarchy ===
 
* Cache
 
** L1I Cache
 
*** 16 KiB OR 32 KiB (configurable)
 
*** 4-way set associative
 
*** 64 B line size
 
*** [[Random replacement policy]]
 
** L1D Cache
 
*** 16 KiB OR 32 KiB (configurable)
 
*** 4-way set associative
 
*** 64 B line size
 
*** [[Random replacement policy]]
 
** L2 Cache
 
*** 0 KiB OR 128 KiB OR 1 MiB (configurable)
 
*** 8-way set associative
 
*** 64 B line size
 
*** Optional Parity and ECC
 
 
 
* TLB
 
** ITLB
 
*** 32-entry, fully-associative
 
*** 4 KiB, 64 KiB, 1 MiB, and 16 MiB page sizes
 
** DTLB
 
*** 32-entry, fully-associative
 
*** 4 KiB, 64 KiB, 1 MiB, and 16 MiB page sizes
 
 
 
== Licensees ==
 
Arm named the following companies as licensees.
 
 
 
{{collist
 
|count = 3
 
|
 
* [[Broadcom]]
 
* [[Freescale]]
 
* [[Panasonic]]
 
* [[Samsung]]
 
* [[STMicroelectronics]]
 
* [[Texas Instruments]]
 
* [[PMC-Sierra]]
 
* [[ZiiLABS]]
 
}}
 
 
 
== Die ==
 
* [[65 nm process]] (LP)
 
* Up to 650 MHz
 
* 4 mm² (with cache)
 
* 3 mm² (without cache)
 
* 0.59 mW/MHz
 
* <= 300 mW
 
 
 
 
 
* [[65 nm process]] (GP)
 
* Up to 1,000 MHz
 
* 4 mm² (with cache)
 
* 3 mm² (without cache)
 
* 0.45 mW/MHz
 

Please note that all contributions to WikiChip may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here.
You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see WikiChip:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission!

Cancel | Editing help (opens in new window)
codenameCortex-A8 +
designerARM Holdings +
first launchedOctober 5, 2005 +
full page namearm holdings/microarchitectures/cortex-a8 +
instance ofmicroarchitecture +
instruction set architectureARMv7 +
manufacturerTSMC +
microarchitecture typeCPU +
nameCortex-A8 +
pipeline stages13 +
process65 nm (0.065 μm, 6.5e-5 mm) + and 45 nm (0.045 μm, 4.5e-5 mm) +