Editing 28 nm lithography process

{{lithography processes}}
The '''28 nanometer (28 nm) lithography process''' is a [[technology node#half node|half-node]] semiconductor manufacturing process used as a stopgap between the [[32 nm lithography process|32 nm]] and [[22 nm lithography process|22 nm]] processes. Commercial [[integrated circuit]] manufacturing using 28 nm process began in 2011. This technology superseded by commercial [[22 nm lithography process|22 nm process]].

== Industry ==
{{nodes comp
<!-- TSMC -->
 | process 1 fab          = [[TSMC]]
 | process 1 name         = 28LP, 28HPL, 28HP
 | process 1 date         = 4Q 2011
 | process 1 lith         = 193 nm
 | process 1 immersion    = Yes
 | process 1 exposure     = DP
 | process 1 wafer type   = Bulk
 | process 1 wafer size   = 300 mm
 | process 1 transistor   = Planar
 | process 1 volt         = 1 V, 0.8 V
 | process 1 layers       = 10
 | process 1 delta from   = [[32 nm]] Δ
 | process 1 gate len     = 24 nm
 | process 1 gate len Δ   = &nbsp;
 | process 1 cpp          = 117 nm
 | process 1 cpp Δ        = &nbsp;
 | process 1 mmp          = 90 nm
 | process 1 mmp Δ        = &nbsp;
 | process 1 sram hp      = &nbsp;
 | process 1 sram hp Δ    = &nbsp;
 | process 1 sram hd      = 0.127 µm²
 | process 1 sram hd Δ    = &nbsp;
 | process 1 sram lv      = 0.155 µm²
 | process 1 sram lv Δ    = &nbsp;
 | process 1 dram         = &nbsp;
 | process 1 dram Δ       = &nbsp;
<!-- IBM -->
 | process 2 fab          = [[Common Platform Alliance ]]<info>The '''Common Platform Alliance''' is a joint collaboration between [[IBM]], [[Samsung]], [[GlobalFoundries]], [[Toshiba]], [[NEC]], [[STMicroelectronics]], [[Infineon Technologies]], [[Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing]], [[Renasas]]</info>
 | process 2 name         = 28LP, 28LPP, 28SLP
 | process 2 date         = 2014
 | process 2 lith         = 193 nm
 | process 2 immersion    = Yes
 | process 2 exposure     = DP
 | process 2 wafer type   = Bulk
 | process 2 wafer size   = 300 mm
 | process 2 transistor   = Planar
 | process 2 volt         = 1 V, 0.85 V
 | process 2 layers       = 10
 | process 2 delta from   = [[32 nm]] Δ
 | process 2 gate len     = 28 nm
 | process 2 gate len Δ   = &nbsp;
 | process 2 cpp          = 113.4 nm
 | process 2 cpp Δ        = &nbsp;
 | process 2 mmp          = 90 nm
 | process 2 mmp Δ        = &nbsp;
 | process 2 sram hp      = 0.152 µm²
 | process 2 sram hp Δ    = &nbsp;
 | process 2 sram hd      = 0.120 µm²
 | process 2 sram hd Δ    = &nbsp;
 | process 2 sram lv      = 0.197 µm²
 | process 2 sram lv Δ    = &nbsp;
 | process 2 dram         = &nbsp;
 | process 2 dram Δ       = &nbsp;
<!-- UMC -->
 | process 3 fab          = [[UMC]]
 | process 3 name         = 28HPC, 28HLP, 28HPC+, 28µLP
 | process 3 date         = 2013
 | process 3 lith         = 193 nm
 | process 3 immersion    = Yes
 | process 3 exposure     = DP
 | process 3 wafer type   = Bulk
 | process 3 wafer size   = 300 mm
 | process 3 transistor   = Planar
 | process 3 volt         = 0.9 V, 1.05 V, 0.7 V
 | process 3 layers       = 10
 | process 3 delta from   = [[40 nm]] Δ
 | process 3 gate len     = 33 nm
 | process 3 gate len Δ   = &nbsp;
 | process 3 cpp          = 120 nm
 | process 3 cpp Δ        = &nbsp;
 | process 3 mmp          = 90 nm
 | process 3 mmp Δ        = &nbsp;
 | process 3 sram hp      = &nbsp;
 | process 3 sram hp Δ    = &nbsp;
 | process 3 sram hd      = 0.124 µm²
 | process 3 sram hd Δ    = &nbsp;
 | process 3 sram lv      = &nbsp;
 | process 3 sram lv Δ    = &nbsp;
 | process 3 dram         = &nbsp;
 | process 3 dram Δ       = &nbsp;
}}

== 28 nm Microprocessors ==
* AMD
** {{amd|A8}}
** {{amd|A10}}
* Intel (Fab'ed by [[TSMC]])
** {{intel|Atom x3}}
* MediaTek
** {{mediatek|Helio}}
* Phytium
** {{phytium|FT-1500A}}
* PEZY
** {{pezy|PEZY-SC}}
** {{pezy|PEZY-SCnp}}
* Renesas
** {{renesas|R-Car}}
* Xiaomi
** {{xiaomi|Surge}}

{{expand list}}

== 28 nm Microarchitectures ==
* AMD
** {{amd|Steamroller|l=arch}}
** {{amd|Excavator|l=arch}}
* ARM Holdings
** {{armh|Cortex-A53|l=arch}}
* Phytium
** {{phytium|Xiaomi|l=arch}}

{{expand list}}

== References ==
* [[:File:samsung foundry solution 28-32nm.pdf|Samsung foundry solution for 32 & 28 nm]]
* Wu, Shien-Yang, et al. "A highly manufacturable 28nm cmos low power platform technology with fully functional 64mb sram using dual/tripe gate oxide process." VLSI Technology, 2009 Symposium on. IEEE, 2009.
* Shang, Huiling, et al. "High performance bulk planar 20nm CMOS technology for low power mobile applications." VLSI Technology (VLSIT), 2012 Symposium on. IEEE, 2012.
* Arnaud, F., et al. "Competitive and cost effective high-k based 28nm CMOS technology for low power applications." Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM), 2009 IEEE International. IEEE, 2009.
* Yuan, J., et al. "Performance elements for 28nm gate length bulk devices with gate first high-k metal gate." Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology (ICSICT), 2010 10th IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2010.
* Liang, C. W., et al. "A 28nm poly/SiON CMOS technology for low-power SoC applications." VLSI Technology (VLSIT), 2011 Symposium on. IEEE, 2011.
* James, Dick. "High-k/metal gates in the 2010s." Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference (ASMC), 2014 25th Annual SEMI. IEEE, 2014.
@@ Line 85: / Line 85: @@
   | process 3 dram         = &nbsp;
   | process 3 dram Δ       = &nbsp;
-<!-- SMIC -->
- | process 4 fab          = [[SMIC]]
- | process 4 name         = 28PS, 28HK, 28HKC+
- | process 4 date         = 4Q 2013
- | process 4 lith         = &nbsp;
- | process 4 immersion    = &nbsp;
- | process 4 exposure     = &nbsp;
- | process 4 wafer type   = &nbsp;
- | process 4 wafer size   = &nbsp;
- | process 4 transistor   = &nbsp;
- | process 4 volt         = 1.8 V, 2.5 V
- | process 4 layers       = &nbsp;
- | process 4 delta from   = &nbsp;
- | process 4 gate len     = &nbsp;
- | process 4 gate len Δ   = &nbsp;
- | process 4 cpp          = &nbsp;
- | process 4 cpp Δ        = &nbsp;
- | process 4 mmp          = &nbsp;
- | process 4 mmp Δ        = &nbsp;
- | process 4 sram hp      = &nbsp;
- | process 4 sram hp Δ    = &nbsp;
- | process 4 sram hd      = &nbsp;
- | process 4 sram hd Δ    = &nbsp;
- | process 4 sram lv      = &nbsp;
- | process 4 sram lv Δ    = &nbsp;
- | process 4 dram         = &nbsp;
- | process 4 dram Δ       = &nbsp;
 }}
@@ Line 117: / Line 90: @@
 * AMD
 ** {{amd|A8}}
 ** {{amd|A10}}
-**A9
-* HiSilicon
-** {{hisil|Kirin}}
 * Intel (Fab'ed by [[TSMC]])
 ** {{intel|Atom x3}}
@@ Line 143: / Line 113: @@
 * ARM Holdings
 ** {{armh|Cortex-A53|l=arch}}
-* Nervana
-** {{nervana|Lake Crest|l=arch}}
-* Movidius
-** {{movidius|SHAVE v3.0|l=arch}}
 * Phytium
 ** {{phytium|Xiaomi|l=arch}}
-** {{phytium|Mars I|l=arch}}
-* VIA Technologies
-** {{via|Isaiah II|l=arch}}
-* Zhaoxin
-** {{zhaoxin|ZhangJiang|l=arch}}
-** {{zhaoxin|WuDaoKou|l=arch}}
 {{expand list}}
@@ Line 166: / Line 126: @@
 * Liang, C. W., et al. "A 28nm poly/SiON CMOS technology for low-power SoC applications." VLSI Technology (VLSIT), 2011 Symposium on. IEEE, 2011.
 * James, Dick. "High-k/metal gates in the 2010s." Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference (ASMC), 2014 25th Annual SEMI. IEEE, 2014.
-[[category:lithography]]