x86
Instruction Set Architecture

General

• History
• Families

Variants

• x86-16
• x86-32
• x86-64

Topics

• Instructions
• Addressing Modes
• Registers
• Model-Specific Register
• Assembly
• Interrupts
• Micro-Ops
• Timer
• Calling Convention
• Microarchitectures
• CPUID

CPUIDs

• AMD's CPUIDs
• Intel's CPUIDs

Modes

• Real
• Protected
• Long

Extensions(all)

• 3DNow!
• ABM
• ADX
• AES
• AMX
• AVX
• AVX2
• AVX-512
• BMI1
• BMI2
• CLMUL
• E3DNow!
• EMMX
• F16C
• FMA3
• FMA4
• FPU
• MKTME
• MMX
• MPX
• PMEM
• PREFETCH
• RdRAND
• SEV
• SGX
• SHA
• SME
• SMM
• SMX
• SSE
• SSE2
• SSE3
• SSE4.1
• SSE4.2
• SSE4a
• SSE5
• SSSE3
• TBM
• TME
• TSME
• TSX
• XOP

x86 is a family of little-endian, CISC, instruction set architectures and extensions. As its namesake indicates, the x86 ISA offers binary compatibility all the way from the original 8086 to modern microarchitectures as well as source code compatibility since the 8080. Today, the architecture is widely used in the desktop and server markets by a number of companies including Intel, AMD, VIA, DM&P, and RDC.

Generally speaking, the term 'x86' encompasses the original x86-16, x86-32 (IA-32), x86-64 (AMD64), and the various extensions such as MMX, 3DNOW!, and SSE.

History

Main article: History of x86

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Overview

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Registers

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Operation Modes

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Instruction Set

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Syntaxes

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Interrupts

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Extensions

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Implementations

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See also

• ARM

This article is still a stub and needs your attention. You can help improve this article by editing this page and adding the missing information.

IntelAMD1978x86instance of:instruction set architecturex868 bit

1 octets
2 nibbles

16 bit

2 octets
4 nibbles

32 bit

4 octets
8 nibbles

64 bit

8 octets
16 nibbles

ProprietaryRegister-MemoryVon NeumannLittle-endian