Semiconductor & Computer Engineering
(→Vacuum Tube Systems) |
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{{expand list}} | {{expand list}} | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
| − | ! System !! Developer !! Company/Institution !! Tube Count !! Year | + | ! System !! Developer !! Company/Institution !! Tube Count !! Year !! class="unsortable" | Notes |
|- | |- | ||
| [[atanasoff-berry computer|ABC]] || [[John Vincent Atanasoff]] || [[Iowa State University|Iowa State University]] || 300 || 1940 || | | [[atanasoff-berry computer|ABC]] || [[John Vincent Atanasoff]] || [[Iowa State University|Iowa State University]] || 300 || 1940 || | ||
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| [[Manchester Mark I]] || || [[Victoria University of Manchester]] || 1,300 || 1949 || | | [[Manchester Mark I]] || || [[Victoria University of Manchester]] || 1,300 || 1949 || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[CSIRAC]] || [[Trevor Pearcey]] || || 2,000 || 1949 | + | | [[CSIRAC]] || [[Trevor Pearcey]] || || 2,000 || 1949 || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[ | + | | [[MADDIDA]] || || [[Northrop Aircraft]] || 53 || 1949 || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[ | + | | [[SEAC]] || || [[NIST]] || 747 || 1950 || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[UNIVAC 1101]] || || [[engineering research associates|ERA]] || 2,700 || 1950 | + | | [[Pilot ACE]] || || [[National Physical Laboratory]] || 800 || 1950 || |
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[SWAC]] || || [[NIST]] || 2,300 || 1950 || | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[UNIVAC 1101]] || || [[engineering research associates|ERA]] || 2,700 || 1950 || | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Ferranti Mark I]] || || [[Ferranti]] || 4,050 || 1951 || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[UNIVAC I]] || || [[eckert-mauchly computer corporation|EMCC]] || 5,200 || 1951 || | | [[UNIVAC I]] || || [[eckert-mauchly computer corporation|EMCC]] || 5,200 || 1951 || | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| [[Whirlwind II]] || || [[MIT]] || 50,000 || 1951 || Never completed, AN/FSQ-7 a direct derivative | | [[Whirlwind II]] || || [[MIT]] || 50,000 || 1951 || Never completed, AN/FSQ-7 a direct derivative | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[EDVAC]] || || [[University of Pennsylvania]] || 6,000 || 1951 || | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[WITCH]] || || [[Atomic Energy Research Establishment|Harwell]] || 828 || 1951 || Made with 480 [[relay]]s, 828 [[Dekatron valves]] for math | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[ORDVAC]] || || [[University of Illinois]] || 2,178 || 1951 || | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[LEO I]] || || || 5,936 || 1951 || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[IAS Computer]] || || [[institute for advanced study|IAS]] || || 1952 || | | [[IAS Computer]] || || [[institute for advanced study|IAS]] || || 1952 || | ||
Revision as of 08:11, 18 December 2015
A vacuum tube computer is a computer system built primarily using vacuum tubes and vacuum tube logic. Vacuum tube switching replaced the earlier relay computers from the 1940s. Vacuum tube computer gained traction during the 1950s through the early 1960s. By the mid 1960s discrete logic computers superseded vacuum tubes.
Overview
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Early relay computers were rather slow - operating at just 1Hz ((or one switching operation each second). They were cheap and readily available due to their widespread use in telephone systems. Vacuum tubes prove to be a significant improvement over electromechanical relays - operating 1000 times faster. However the performance advantage came at the cost of decreased reliability and maintainance. Tube failure was frequent, running hot and burning out rapidly.
Vacuum Tube Systems
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See also
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