Semiconductor & Computer Engineering
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Difference between revisions of "resistivity"
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== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
| − | Resistivity is the inverse of [[conductivity]] which quantifies the material's ability to transport electric charge. Resistivity is measured in [[ohm]] [[meters]] or [[centimeters]] (Ω cm or Ω m). | + | Resistivity is the inverse of [[conductivity]] which quantifies the material's ability to transport [[electric charge]]. Resistivity is measured in [[ohm]] [[meters]] or [[centimeters]] (Ω cm or Ω m). |
The resistivity of a material can be derived from the equation for [[resistance]]: | The resistivity of a material can be derived from the equation for [[resistance]]: | ||
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:<math>R = \rho \frac{\ell}{A} \Longrightarrow \rho = \frac{R A}{\ell}</math> | :<math>R = \rho \frac{\ell}{A} \Longrightarrow \rho = \frac{R A}{\ell}</math> | ||
| − | === | + | === Temperature dependence === |
| − | Although considered to be a fundamental property of a material, the resistivity of the material depends on the operating | + | Although considered to be a fundamental property of a material, the resistivity of the material depends on the operating [[temperature]]. |
| + | == Common Resistivity == | ||
| + | Below is the resistivity for some common materials in the semiconductor industry. Note that for some bulk materials that are hexagonal, there are two values depending on the transport (perpendicular and parallel axis). | ||
| − | { | + | {| class="wikitable" |
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! colspan="4" | Resistivity and [[mean free time|Mean Free Time]]/[[mean free path|Path]] (at room temp) | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! Element !! ρ (µΩ·cm) !! τ (fs) !! λ (nm) | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Aluminum || 2.65 || 11.8 || 18.9 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Cobalt || 6.2 || 21.2/17.6 || 11.8/7.77 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Copper || 1.678 || 36 || 39.9 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Indium || 8.8 || 5.27/5.05 || 8.65/8.16 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Ruthenium || 7.8 || 8.82/7.07 || 6.59/4.88 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | Tungsten || 5.28 || 16 || 15.5 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | colspan="4" style="font-size: small;" | Reference Gall, D. (2016) | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Bibliography == | ||
| + | * Gall, D. (2016). Electron mean free path in elemental metals. Journal of Applied Physics, 119(8), 085101. doi:10.1063/1.4942216 | ||
Latest revision as of 22:14, 5 August 2018
Resistivity (ρ) is a property that quantifies the material's oppoistion to the flow of current.
Overview[edit]
Resistivity is the inverse of conductivity which quantifies the material's ability to transport electric charge. Resistivity is measured in ohm meters or centimeters (Ω cm or Ω m).
The resistivity of a material can be derived from the equation for resistance:
Temperature dependence[edit]
Although considered to be a fundamental property of a material, the resistivity of the material depends on the operating temperature.
Common Resistivity[edit]
Below is the resistivity for some common materials in the semiconductor industry. Note that for some bulk materials that are hexagonal, there are two values depending on the transport (perpendicular and parallel axis).
| Resistivity and Mean Free Time/Path (at room temp) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Element | ρ (µΩ·cm) | τ (fs) | λ (nm) |
| Aluminum | 2.65 | 11.8 | 18.9 |
| Cobalt | 6.2 | 21.2/17.6 | 11.8/7.77 |
| Copper | 1.678 | 36 | 39.9 |
| Indium | 8.8 | 5.27/5.05 | 8.65/8.16 |
| Ruthenium | 7.8 | 8.82/7.07 | 6.59/4.88 |
| Tungsten | 5.28 | 16 | 15.5 |
| Reference Gall, D. (2016) | |||
Bibliography[edit]
- Gall, D. (2016). Electron mean free path in elemental metals. Journal of Applied Physics, 119(8), 085101. doi:10.1063/1.4942216