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| {{intel title|Westmere|arch}} | | {{intel title|Westmere|arch}} |
| {{microarchitecture | | {{microarchitecture |
− | | atype = CPU
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| | name = Westmere | | | name = Westmere |
| | designer = Intel | | | designer = Intel |
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| | phase-out = August, 2011 | | | phase-out = August, 2011 |
| | process = 32 nm | | | process = 32 nm |
− | |isa=x86-64
| + | |
| | succession = Yes | | | succession = Yes |
| | predecessor = Nehalem | | | predecessor = Nehalem |
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| | successor link = intel/microarchitectures/sandy bridge | | | successor link = intel/microarchitectures/sandy bridge |
| }} | | }} |
− | '''Westmere''' ('''WSM''') was the [[microarchitecture]] for [[Intel]]'s [[32 nm process]] for desktops and servers. Westmere was introduced in 2010 as a [[process shrink]] of {{\\|Nehalem}} which introduced a number enhancements. | + | '''Westmere''' was the [[microarchitecture]] for [[Intel]]'s [[32 nm process]] for desktops and servers. Westmere was introduced in 2010 as a [[process shrink]] of {{\\|Nehalem}} which introduced a number enhancements. |
| | | |
| For desktop and mobile, Westmere was branded as 1st Generation Intel {{intel|Core}} processors. | | For desktop and mobile, Westmere was branded as 1st Generation Intel {{intel|Core}} processors. |
− |
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− | == Codenames ==
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− | {| class="wikitable"
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− | |-
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− | ! Core !! Platform !! Cores(Threads) !! [[IGP]] !! Description
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− | |-
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− | | {{intel|Gulftown|l=core}} || {{intel|X58 Platform}} || [[6 cores|6]](12) || {{tchk|no}} || High-end desktops & enthusiasts market
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− | |-
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− | | {{intel|Clarkdale|l=core}} || {{intel|Calpella}} || [[2 cores|2]](4) || {{tchk|yes}} || Mainstream desktop performance processors
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− | |-
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− | | {{intel|Arrandale|l=core}} || {{intel|Calpella}} || [[2 cores|2]](4) || {{tchk|yes}} || Mainstream mobile performance processors
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− | |-
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− | | {{intel|Westmere EP|l=core}} || || [[4 cores|4]](4) - [[6 cores|6]](12) || {{tchk|no}} || Low-end server processors
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− | |-
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− | | {{intel|Westmere EX|l=core}} || || [[6 cores|6]](12) - [[10 cores|10]](12) || {{tchk|no}} || High-end server processors
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− | |}
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− |
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− | == Brands ==
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− |
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− | {| class="wikitable tc4 tc5 tc6 tc7" style="text-align: center;"
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− | |-
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− | ! rowspan="2" | Logo !! rowspan="2" | Family !! rowspan="2" | General Description !! colspan="6" | Differentiating Features
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− | |-
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− | ! Cores !! {{intel|Hyper-Threading|HT}} !! [[IGP]] !! {{intel|Turbo Boost|TBT}} !! [[ECC]]
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− | |-
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− | | [[File:intel celeron (2009).png|60px|link=intel/celeron]] || {{intel|Celeron}} || style="text-align: left;" | Entry-level Budget || [[2 cores|2]] || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|some}}
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− | |-
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− | | [[File:intel pentium (2009).png|60px|link=intel/pentium_(2009)]] || {{intel|Pentium (2009)|Pentium}} || style="text-align: left;" | Budget || [[2 cores|2]] || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|some}}
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− | |-
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− | | [[File:core i3 logo (2009).png|60px|link=intel/core_i3]] || {{intel|Core i3}} || style="text-align: left;" | Low-end Performance || [[2 cores|2]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|some}}
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− | |-
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− | | [[File:core i5 logo (2009).png|60px|link=intel/core_i5]] || {{intel|Core i5}} || style="text-align: left;" | Mid-range Performance || [[2 cores|2]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|some}}
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− | |-
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− | | rowspan="2" | [[File:core i7 logo (2009).png|60px|link=intel/core_i7]] || rowspan="2" | {{intel|Core i7}} || style="text-align: left;" | High-end Performance (Mobile) || [[2 cores|2]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|some}}
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− | |-
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− | | style="text-align: left;" | High-end Performance (Desktop) || [[6 cores|6]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}}
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− | |-
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− | | [[File:core i7ee logo (2009).png|60px|link=intel/core i7 ee]] || {{intel|Core i7EE}} || style="text-align: left;" | Enthusiasts/High-end Performance || [[6 cores|6]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}}
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− | |-
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− | | [[File:xeon logo (2009).png|60px|link=intel/xeon e7]] || {{intel|Xeon E7}} || style="text-align: left;" | High-end server || [[6 cores|6]] - [[10 cores|10]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|some}} || {{tchk|yes}}
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− | |}
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− |
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− | == Process Technology ==
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− | {| class="wikitable" style="float: right;"
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− | ! colspan="2" | 32nm Manufacturing Fabs
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− | |-
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− | ! Fab !! Location
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− | |-
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− | | D1D || Hillsboro, Oregon
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− | |-
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− | | D1C || Hillsboro, Oregon
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− | |-
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− | | Fab 32 || Chandler, Arizona
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− | |-
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− | | Fab 11X || Rio Rancho, New Mexico
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− | |}
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− | Westmere-based [[microprocessors]] and [[system on chips]] were manufactured on a [[32 nm process]] ("P1268" for CPUs and "P1269" for SoCs). Intel's 32 nm process is second-generation high-K metal-gate transistors. Some of the modifications that took place from their [[45 nm process]] is reduction in the thickness of the high-K layer from 1 nm to 0.9 nm. The process shrink enjoyed a roughly 0.7x scaling compared to the [[45 nm process]] for the gate pitch and metal 1 interconnect.
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− |
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− | Scaling:
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− |
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− | {| class="wikitable"
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− | |-
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− | ! !! Nehalem !! Westmere !! Δ !! rowspan="7" | [[File:intel 32nm gate.png|250px]]
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− | |-
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− | | || [[45 nm]] || [[32 nm]] ||
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− | |-
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− | | Gate Pitch || 180 nm || 112.5 nm || 0.63x
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− | |-
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− | | Interconnect Pitch || 160 nm || 112.5 nm || 0.70x
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− | |-
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− | | SRAM bit cell (HD) || 0.346 µm² || 0.148 um² || 0.43x
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− | |-
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− | | SRAM bit cell (HS) || ? µm² || 0.199 um² || ?x
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− | |-
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− | | SRAM bit cell (LP) || 0.382 µm² || 0.171 um² || 0.45x
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− | |}
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− |
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− | == Architecture==
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− | === Key changes from {{\\|Nehalem}} ===
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− | {{empty section}}
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− |
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− | ==== New instructions ====
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− | Westmere introduced a number of {{x86|extensions|new instructions}}:
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− |
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− | * {{x86|CLMUL|<code>CLMUL</code>}} - [[Hardware-accelerated]] Carry-less Multiplication
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− | * {{x86|AES|<code>AES</code>}} - [[Hardware-accelerated]] AES operations
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− |
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− | == Die ==
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− |
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− | ===Dual-Core Westmere die ===
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− | * 81 mm²
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− | * 384,000,000 transistors
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− | * [[32 nm process]]
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− | * 2 cores
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− | [[File:intel westmere die shot.jpeg|350px]]
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− |
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− | ===Hexa-Core Westmere die ===
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− | * 240 mm²
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− | * 1,170,000,000 transistors
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− | * [[32 nm process]]
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− | * 6 cores
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− | [[File:Westmere-EP-Die.jpeg|700px]]
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− |
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− | ===Deca-Core Westmere die ===
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− | * 513 mm²
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− | * 2,600,000,000 transistors
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− | * [[32 nm process]]
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− | * 10 cores
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− | [[File:intel xeon e7 die shot.jpg|700px]]
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| | | |
| == All Westmere Chips == | | == All Westmere Chips == |
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| created and tagged accordingly. | | created and tagged accordingly. |
| | | |
− | Missing a chip? please dump its name here: https://en.wikichip.org/wiki/WikiChip:wanted_chips | + | Missing a chip? please dump its name here: http://en.wikichip.org/wiki/WikiChip:wanted_chips |
| --> | | --> |
− | {{comp table start}}
| + | <table class="wikitable sortable tc15 tc16 tc117"> |
− | <table class="comptable sortable tc6 tc7 tc20 tc21 tc22 tc23 tc24 tc25"> | + | <tr><th colspan="18" style="background:#D6D6FF;">Westmere Chips</th></tr> |
− | <tr class="comptable-header"><th> </th><th colspan="20">List of Westmere Processors</th></tr> | + | <tr><th colspan="12">Main processor</th><th colspan="3">IGP</th><th colspan="3">Features</th></tr> |
− | <tr class="comptable-header"><th> </th><th colspan="9">Main processor</th><th colspan="2">{{intel|Turbo Boost}}</th><th>Mem</th><th colspan="3">IGP</th><th colspan="4">Major Feature Diff</th></tr> | + | <tr><th>Model</th><th>Family</th><th>Price</th><th>Core</th><th>Launched</th><th>TDP</th><th>Freq</th><th>{{intel|TBT 1.0}}</th><th>Max Mem</th><th>S</th><th>C</th><th>T</th><th>Name</th><th>Freq</th><th>Max Freq</th><th>{{x86|AES}}</th><th>vPro</th><th>VT-d</th></tr> |
− | {{comp table header 1|cols=Launched, Price, Family, Core Name, Cores, Threads, %L2$, %L3$, TDP, %Frequency, {{intel|TBT 1.0}}, Max Mem, GPU, %Frequency, Turbo, {{x86|AES}}, vPro, VT-d, VT-x}}
| + | {{table sep|col=18|[[Uniprocessors]]}} |
− | <tr class="comptable-header comptable-header-sep"><th> </th><th colspan="20">[[Uniprocessors]]</th></tr> | + | {{#ask: [[Category:microprocessor models by intel]] [[instance of::microprocessor]] [[microarchitecture::Westmere]] [[max cpu count::1]] |
− | {{#ask: [[Category:microprocessor models by intel]] [[instance of::microprocessor]] [[microarchitecture::Westmere ]] [[max cpu count::1]] | |
| |?full page name | | |?full page name |
| |?model number | | |?model number |
− | |?first launched | + | |?microprocessor family |
| |?release price | | |?release price |
− | |?microprocessor family
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| |?core name | | |?core name |
| + | |?first launched |
| + | |?tdp |
| + | |?base frequency#GHz 1 |
| + | |?turbo frequency (1 core) |
| + | |?max memory#GB |
| + | |?max cpu count |
| |?core count | | |?core count |
| |?thread count | | |?thread count |
− | |?l2$ size
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− | |?l3$ size
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− | |?tdp
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− | |?base frequency#GHz
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− | |?turbo frequency (1 core)#GHz
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− | |?max memory#GiB
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| |?integrated gpu | | |?integrated gpu |
| |?integrated gpu base frequency | | |?integrated gpu base frequency |
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| |?has_intel_vpro_technology | | |?has_intel_vpro_technology |
| |?has intel vt-d technology | | |?has intel vt-d technology |
− | |?has intel vt-x technology
| |
| |format=template | | |format=template |
| |template=proc table 3 | | |template=proc table 3 |
− | |searchlabel=
| + | |userparam=19:17 |
− | |sort=microprocessor family, model number
| |
− | |order=asc,asc
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− | |userparam=21:18 | |
| |mainlabel=- | | |mainlabel=- |
− | |limit=200
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| }} | | }} |
− | <tr class="comptable-header comptable-header-sep"><th> </th><th colspan="25">[[Multiprocessors]] (2-way)</th></tr>
| + | {{table sep|col=18|[[Multiprocessors]]}} |
− | {{#ask: | + | {{#ask: [[Category:microprocessor models by intel]] [[instance of::microprocessor]] [[microarchitecture::Westmere]] [[max cpu count::!1]] |
− | [[Category:microprocessor models by intel]] [[instance of::microprocessor]] [[microarchitecture::Westmere]] [[max cpu count::2]]
| + | |?full page name |
− | |?full page name
| |
| |?model number | | |?model number |
− | |?first launched | + | |?microprocessor family |
| |?release price | | |?release price |
− | |?microprocessor family
| |
| |?core name | | |?core name |
− | |?core count
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− | |?thread count
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− | |?l2$ size
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− | |?l3$ size
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− | |?tdp
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− | |?base frequency#GHz
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− | |?turbo frequency (1 core)#GHz
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− | |?max memory#GiB
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− | |?integrated gpu
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− | |?integrated gpu base frequency
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− | |?integrated gpu max frequency
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− | |?has x86 advanced encryption standard instruction set extension
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− | |?has_intel_vpro_technology
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− | |?has intel vt-d technology
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− | |?has intel vt-x technology
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− | |format=template
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− | |template=proc table 3
| |
− | |searchlabel=
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− | |sort=microprocessor family, model number
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− | |order=asc,asc
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− | |userparam=21:18
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− | |mainlabel=-
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− | |limit=40
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− | }}
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− | <tr class="comptable-header comptable-header-sep"><th> </th><th colspan="25">[[Multiprocessors]] (4-way)</th></tr>
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− | {{#ask:
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− | [[Category:microprocessor models by intel]] [[instance of::microprocessor]] [[microarchitecture::Westmere]] [[max cpu count::4]]
| |
− | |?full page name
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− | |?model number
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| |?first launched | | |?first launched |
− | |?release price
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− | |?microprocessor family
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− | |?core name
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− | |?core count
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− | |?thread count
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− | |?l2$ size
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− | |?l3$ size
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| |?tdp | | |?tdp |
| |?base frequency#GHz | | |?base frequency#GHz |
− | |?turbo frequency (1 core)#GHz | + | |?turbo frequency (1 core) |
− | |?max memory#GiB | + | |?max memory#GB |
− | |?integrated gpu
| + | |?max cpu count |
− | |?integrated gpu base frequency | |
− | |?integrated gpu max frequency
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− | |?has x86 advanced encryption standard instruction set extension
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− | |?has_intel_vpro_technology
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− | |?has intel vt-d technology
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− | |?has intel vt-x technology
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− | |format=template
| |
− | |template=proc table 3
| |
− | |searchlabel=
| |
− | |sort=microprocessor family, model number
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− | |order=asc,asc
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− | |userparam=21:18
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− | |mainlabel=-
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− | |limit=40
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− | }}
| |
− | <tr class="comptable-header comptable-header-sep"><th> </th><th colspan="25">[[Multiprocessors]] (8-way)</th></tr>
| |
− | {{#ask:
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− | [[Category:microprocessor models by intel]] [[instance of::microprocessor]] [[microarchitecture::Westmere]] [[max cpu count::8]]
| |
− | |?full page name
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− | |?model number
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− | |?first launched
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− | |?release price
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− | |?microprocessor family
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− | |?core name
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| |?core count | | |?core count |
| |?thread count | | |?thread count |
− | |?l2$ size
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− | |?l3$ size
| |
− | |?tdp
| |
− | |?base frequency#GHz
| |
− | |?turbo frequency (1 core)#GHz
| |
− | |?max memory#GiB
| |
| |?integrated gpu | | |?integrated gpu |
| |?integrated gpu base frequency | | |?integrated gpu base frequency |
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| |?has_intel_vpro_technology | | |?has_intel_vpro_technology |
| |?has intel vt-d technology | | |?has intel vt-d technology |
− | |?has intel vt-x technology
| |
| |format=template | | |format=template |
| |template=proc table 3 | | |template=proc table 3 |
− | |searchlabel=
| + | |userparam=19:17 |
− | |sort=microprocessor family, model number
| |
− | |order=asc,asc
| |
− | |userparam=21:18 | |
| |mainlabel=- | | |mainlabel=- |
− | |limit=40
| |
| }} | | }} |
− | {{comp table count|ask=[[Category:microprocessor models by intel]] [[instance of::microprocessor]] [[microarchitecture::Westmere ]]}} | + | {{table count|col=18|ask=[[Category:microprocessor models by intel]] [[instance of::microprocessor]] [[microarchitecture::Westmere]]}} |
| </table> | | </table> |
− | {{comp table end}}
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− |
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− | == Documents ==
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− | * [[:File:embedded core platform (arrandale).pdf|Intel® Core i7, Intel® Core i5 and Intel® Core i3 Processor-based Platforms for Embedded Computing, Platform brief]]
| |