Semiconductor & Computer Engineering
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Editing 4-bit architecture
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Most of the first [[microprocessor]]s during the early 1970s had 4-bit [[word]] sizes. Both the Intel {{intel|4004}}, the first commercial microprocessor, and the {{intel|4040}} had a 4-bit word length, but had {{arch|8}} instructions. Some of the first [[microcontroller]]s such as the {{ti|TMS1000}} made by [[Texas Instruments]] and NEC's {{nec|μPD751}} also had 4-bit words. 4-bit word were proven to be very limiting and by 1974 there was a shift to larger architectures such as {{arch|8|8-}} and {{arch|12|12-}} bit architectures. | Most of the first [[microprocessor]]s during the early 1970s had 4-bit [[word]] sizes. Both the Intel {{intel|4004}}, the first commercial microprocessor, and the {{intel|4040}} had a 4-bit word length, but had {{arch|8}} instructions. Some of the first [[microcontroller]]s such as the {{ti|TMS1000}} made by [[Texas Instruments]] and NEC's {{nec|μPD751}} also had 4-bit words. 4-bit word were proven to be very limiting and by 1974 there was a shift to larger architectures such as {{arch|8|8-}} and {{arch|12|12-}} bit architectures. | ||
| − | In the [[microcontroller]] domain, the story is a little different. 4-bit microcontrollers found their way into many battery-powered and low power instruments and devices. Some 4-bit chips such as the {{atmel|MARC4|Atmel MARC4}} continued to be manufactured until very recently (2010s), those devices aimed directly at wireless devices such as RFID-related applications. Other 4-bit MCUs are still made to date such as the [[Epson]]'s {{epson|S1C60}} and {{epson|S1C63}} MCU [[microprocessor family|families]]. Modern 4-bit microprocessors, however, are much different | + | In the [[microcontroller]] domain, the story is a little different. 4-bit microcontrollers found their way into many battery-powered and low power instruments and devices. Some 4-bit chips such as the {{atmel|MARC4|Atmel MARC4}} continued to be manufactured until very recently (2010s), those devices aimed directly at wireless devices such as RFID-related applications. Other 4-bit MCUs are still made to date such as the [[Epson]]'s {{epson|S1C60}} and {{epson|S1C63}} MCU [[microprocessor family|families]]. Modern 4-bit microprocessors, however, are much different to the first generation microprocessors of the 1970s - in terms of architecture, performance, and overall capabilities. |
== Applications == | == Applications == | ||
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* {{hitachi|HMCS400|Hitachi HMCS400}} | * {{hitachi|HMCS400|Hitachi HMCS400}} | ||
* {{itt|7150|ITT 7150}} | * {{itt|7150|ITT 7150}} | ||
| + | * {{national|MAPS|National MAPS}} | ||
| + | * {{national|COPS I|National COPS I}} | ||
| + | * {{national|COPS II|National COPS II}} | ||
| + | * {{nec|17K|NEC 17K}} | ||
| + | * {{nec|μCOM-4|NEC μCOM-4}} | ||
| + | * {{nec|μPD751|NEC μPD751}} | ||
| + | * {{nec|μPD707|NEC μPD707}} | ||
* {{matsushita|MN1400|Matsushita MN1400}} | * {{matsushita|MN1400|Matsushita MN1400}} | ||
* {{matsushita|MN1500|Matsushita MN1500}} | * {{matsushita|MN1500|Matsushita MN1500}} | ||
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* {{mitsu|M5090|Mitsubishi M5090}} | * {{mitsu|M5090|Mitsubishi M5090}} | ||
* {{mmi|5700|MMI 5700}} | * {{mmi|5700|MMI 5700}} | ||
| − | + | * {{oki|OLMS-40|OKI OLMS-40}} | |
| − | + | * {{oki|OLMS-50|OKI OLMS-50}} | |
| − | + | * {{oki|OLMS-60|OKI OLMS-60}} | |
| − | + | * {{oki|OLMS-64|OKI OLMS-64}} | |
| − | + | * {{oki|OLMS-65|OKI OLMS-65}} | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | * {{oki|OLMS-40|OKI OLMS-40}} | ||
* {{oki|OLMS-63K|OKI OLMS-63K}} | * {{oki|OLMS-63K|OKI OLMS-63K}} | ||
* {{oki|OLMS-64K|OKI OLMS-64K}} | * {{oki|OLMS-64K|OKI OLMS-64K}} | ||
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* {{wd|CR1872 series|WD CR1872}} | * {{wd|CR1872 series|WD CR1872}} | ||
* {{wd|WD4200|WD WD4200}} | * {{wd|WD4200|WD WD4200}} | ||
| − | |||
[[Category:4-bit microprocessors]] | [[Category:4-bit microprocessors]] | ||
