Semiconductor & Computer Engineering
From WikiChip
Editing 4-bit architecture
Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
The edit can be undone.
Please check the comparison below to verify that this is what you want to do, and then save the changes below to finish undoing the edit.
This page supports semantic in-text annotations (e.g. "[[Is specified as::World Heritage Site]]") to build structured and queryable content provided by Semantic MediaWiki. For a comprehensive description on how to use annotations or the #ask parser function, please have a look at the getting started, in-text annotation, or inline queries help pages.
| Latest revision | Your text | ||
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
== Industry == | == Industry == | ||
| − | Most of the first [[microprocessor]]s during the early 1970s had 4-bit [[word]] sizes. Both the Intel {{intel|4004}}, the first commercial microprocessor, and the {{intel|4040}} had a 4-bit word length, but had {{arch|8}} instructions. Some of the first [[ | + | Most of the first [[microprocessor]]s during the early 1970s had 4-bit [[word]] sizes. Both the Intel {{intel|4004}}, the first commercial microprocessor, and the {{intel|4040}} had a 4-bit word length, but had {{arch|8}} instructions. Some of the first [[microcontrollers]] such has the [[TMS1000]] made by [[Texas Instruments]] and NEC's {{nec|μPD751}} also had 4-bit words. |
| − | + | 4-bit word were proven to be very limiting and by 1974 there was a shift to larger architectures such as {{arch|8|8-}} and {{arch|12|12-}} bit architectures. Some 4-bit chips are still made to date such as the [[Epson]]'s {{epson|S1C60}} and {{epson|S1C63}} MCU [[microprocessor family|families]]. Modern 4-bit microprocessors, however, are much different to the first generation microprocessors of the 1970s - in terms of architecture, performance, and overall capabilities. | |
== Applications == | == Applications == | ||
| − | Most | + | Most 4-bit [[microprocessor]]s were used almost exclusively in calculators and toys, later on for various utilities, video games, controllers, and early computers. 4 bits was a logical choice for many calculators that used [[binary coded decimal|BDC]] numbers representation. |
| − | Today, 4-bit chips such as {{epson|S1C60|S1C60 family}} are still manufactured are used in many low-power devices, wireless tools, and [[internet of things]] | + | Today, 4-bit chips such as {{epson|S1C60|S1C60 family}} are still manufactured are used in many low-power devices, wireless tools, and [[internet of things]]. |
== 4-bit microprocessors == | == 4-bit microprocessors == | ||
* {{amd|Am2900|AMD Am2900}} | * {{amd|Am2900|AMD Am2900}} | ||
| − | * | + | * [[AMI 9209]] |
* {{fairchild|4700|Fairchild 4700}} | * {{fairchild|4700|Fairchild 4700}} | ||
* {{fairchild|9400|Fairchild 9400}} | * {{fairchild|9400|Fairchild 9400}} | ||
* {{fairchild|PPS-25|Fairchild PPS-25}} | * {{fairchild|PPS-25|Fairchild PPS-25}} | ||
| + | * {{hitachi|HMCS-4|Hitachi HMCS-4}} | ||
* [[HP Saturn]] (64-bit register, 4-bit data path) | * [[HP Saturn]] (64-bit register, 4-bit data path) | ||
| − | * {{intel|4004|Intel 4004}} | + | * {{intel|4004|Intel 4004}} |
* {{intel|4040|Intel 4040}} | * {{intel|4040|Intel 4040}} | ||
| − | * {{motorola| | + | * {{mmi|5700|MMI 5700}} |
| + | * {{motorola|mc10800 series|Motorola MC10800}} | ||
* {{national|IMP-4|National IMP-4}} | * {{national|IMP-4|National IMP-4}} | ||
| − | * | + | * [[Rockwell PPS-4]]/1 |
| + | * [[Rockwell PPS-4/2]] | ||
| + | * [[TMS1000]] | ||
| + | * [[Toshiba T3472]] | ||
== 4-bit microcontrollers == | == 4-bit microcontrollers == | ||
| − | + | * {{ami|S2000 series|AMI S2000}} | |
| − | * {{ami|S2000|AMI S2000}} | ||
* {{epson|S1C60|Epson S1C60}} | * {{epson|S1C60|Epson S1C60}} | ||
* {{epson|S1C63|Epson S1C63}} | * {{epson|S1C63|Epson S1C63}} | ||
| − | + | * {{fujitsu|MB8840|Fujitsu MB8840}} | |
| − | * {{fujitsu|MB8840|Fujitsu MB8840 | ||
* {{fujitsu|MB8850|Fujitsu MB8850}}/{{fujitsu|MB88500|500}} | * {{fujitsu|MB8850|Fujitsu MB8850}}/{{fujitsu|MB88500|500}} | ||
| − | * | + | * [[Hitachi HD404729S]] |
* {{hitachi|HMCS40|Hitachi HMCS40}} | * {{hitachi|HMCS40|Hitachi HMCS40}} | ||
* {{hitachi|HMCS400|Hitachi HMCS400}} | * {{hitachi|HMCS400|Hitachi HMCS400}} | ||
* {{itt|7150|ITT 7150}} | * {{itt|7150|ITT 7150}} | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
* {{national|MAPS|National MAPS}} | * {{national|MAPS|National MAPS}} | ||
| + | * {{national|MM5700|National MM5700}} | ||
* {{national|COPS I|National COPS I}} | * {{national|COPS I|National COPS I}} | ||
* {{national|COPS II|National COPS II}} | * {{national|COPS II|National COPS II}} | ||
| − | |||
* {{nec|μCOM-4|NEC μCOM-4}} | * {{nec|μCOM-4|NEC μCOM-4}} | ||
* {{nec|μPD751|NEC μPD751}} | * {{nec|μPD751|NEC μPD751}} | ||
* {{nec|μPD707|NEC μPD707}} | * {{nec|μPD707|NEC μPD707}} | ||
| − | * {{ | + | * {{matsushita|MN1400 series|Matsushita MN1400}} |
| − | * {{ | + | * {{matsushita|MN1500 series|Matsushita MN1500}} |
| − | * {{ | + | * {{mitsu|MELPS 4|Mitsubishi MELPS 4}} |
| − | * | + | * [[MARC4]] |
| − | * | + | * [[OKI MSM6411]] |
| − | * | + | * [[Sanyo LM6402G]] |
| − | * [[Sanyo | + | * [[Sanyo LC587004]] |
| − | * [[Sanyo | + | * [[Sanyo LC587008]] |
| − | * [[Sanyo | + | * [[Sanyo LC58E68]] |
| − | + | * [[Sharp SM552]] | |
| − | * [[ | + | * [[Toshiba TLCS-47]] |
| − | * | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
* {{wd|CR1872 series|WD CR1872}} | * {{wd|CR1872 series|WD CR1872}} | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
[[Category:4-bit microprocessors]] | [[Category:4-bit microprocessors]] | ||
