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{{amd title|Am2900}}
 
{{amd title|Am2900}}
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The '''AMD Am2900''' is a [[microprocessor family|family]] of [[4-bit architecture|4-bit]] [[bit-slice microprocessor|bit-slice]] chips designed by [[Advanced Micro Devices]] in 1975. Each component represents an individual unit in a microprocessor. Designed to be flexible and expandable, those chips were capable of emulating a large number of existing systems.
+
{{ic family
 +
| title            = AMD Am2900
 +
| image            = Ic-photo-AMD--AM2903ADCB-(AM2900).png
 +
| caption          = Am2903 Enhanced ALU
 +
| developer        = AMD
 +
| manufacturer      = AMD
 +
| type              = microprocessors
 +
| production start  = 1975
 +
| production end    = 1998
 +
| arch              = 4-bit bit-slice
 +
| word              = 4 bit
 +
| proc              = <!-- process, e.g. "8 μm"                                      -->
 +
| tech              = Bipolar
 +
| clock min        = 1 MHz
 +
| clock max        = 31 MHz
 +
| package          = DIP40
 +
| package 2        = FP42
 +
}}
 +
The '''AMD Am2900''' is a [[microprocessor family|family]] of [[4-bit architecture|4-bit]] [[bit-slice microprocessor|bit-slice]] chips designed by [[Advanced Micro Devices]] and introduced to the market in August [[1975]]. Each component represents an individual unit in a microprocessor. Designed to be flexible and expandable, those chips were capable of emulating a large number of existing systems. Made in bipolar technology allowed for higher speeds (1-20Mhz, later up to 32). Its flexibility, higher speed, unusually large amount of 2nd sources, and good marketing allowed AMD to dominate the [[bit-slice microprocessor|bit-slice]] market. The Am2900 family became very popular then and was used as the de facto baseline for bit-slice design.
 +
 
 +
== Design ==
 +
The family includes two {{arch|4}} [[ALU]]s - ''2901'' and a ''2903''. The {{amd|AM2901}}/{{amd|AM2901A|A}} was the original chip designed, supporting 8 different basic operations. The {{amd|AM2903}}/{{amd|AM2903A|A}} was an enhanced version designed a bit later to provide a more sophisticated 3-port, 3-address architecture, including 7 additional operations to support multiplication and division. The slices can be stacked to produce any multiple of 4-bit wide data path (8, 12, 16, 32, etc. bits) and memory address for use in larger systems.
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 +
{{expand section}}
  
 
== 2nd sources ==
 
== 2nd sources ==
 
The ''Am2900'' had a large number of 2nd sources:
 
The ''Am2900'' had a large number of 2nd sources:
  
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* Elektronika
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{| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
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* Fairchild
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! 75 || 76 || 77 || 78 || 79 || 80 || 81 || 82 || 83 || 84 || 85 || 86 || 87 || 88 || 89 || 90 || 91 || 92 || 93 || 94 || 95 || 96
−
* Motorola
+
|-
−
* National
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| colspan="9" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[Motorola]]
−
* NEC
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|-
−
* Raytheon
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| colspan="22" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[Thomson-CSF]]
−
* Signetics
+
|-
−
* Thomson-CSF
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| colspan="7" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[Raytheon]]
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="2" style="border: none;" | || colspan="15" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[National]]
 +
|-
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| colspan="3" style="border: none;" | || colspan="6" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[Fairchild]]
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="3" style="border: none;" | || colspan="3" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[Signetics]]
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="3" style="border: none;" | || colspan="6" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[NEC]]
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="5" style="border: none;" | || colspan="2" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[OKI]]
 +
|-
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| colspan="10" style="border: none;" | || colspan="7" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[Cypress]]
 +
|-
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| colspan="11" style="border: none;" | || colspan="3" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[Vitesse]]
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|-
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| colspan="11" style="border: none;" | || colspan="11" style="background: #E8E8E8;" | [[ВЗПП (VZPP-USSR)]]
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
== Members ==
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
! colspan="3" | Family Members
 +
|-
 +
! Part !! Description !! Pin count
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2901}}<br />{{\|AM2901A}}<br />{{\|AM2901B}} || [[4-bit architecture|4-bit]] [[ALU]] || 40, 42
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2901C}} || [[4-bit architecture|4-bit]] [[ALU]], internal [[ECL]] circuitry, ultrafast plug-in replacement for the {{amd|AM2901B|2901B}} || 40, 42, 44
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2902}} || [[Carry-lookahead generator]] || 16, 20
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2903}}<br />{{\|AM2903A}} || [[4-bit architecture|4-bit]] [[ALU]], enhanced version of the {{amd|AM2901|2901}} || 48, 52
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM29203}} || [[4-bit architecture|4-bit]] [[ALU]], enhanced version of the {{amd|AM2903|2903}} supporting BCD arithmetics || 48, 52
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2904}} || Status and shift control unit || 40, 42, 44
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2905}} || Quad 2-input bus transceiver || 24
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|-
 +
| {{\|AM2906}} || Quad 2-input bus transceiver with parity || 24
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2907}}<br />{{\|AM2908}} || Quad bus transceiver with interface logic || 20
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2909}}<br />{{\|AM2909A}} || 4-bit slice cascadable microprogram address sequencer || 28
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2910}}<br />{{\|AM2910A}} || 12-bit microprogram address sequencer and controller || 40, 42, 44
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2911}}<br />{{\|AM2911A}} || 4-bit slice cascadable microprogram address sequencer || 20
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2912}} || Quad bus transceiver || 16
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2913}} || Priority [[interrupt]] expander || 20
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2914}} || Vectored priority [[interrupt]] controller || 40, 42, 44
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2915}}<br />{{\|AM2915A}}<br />{{\|AM2916}}<br />{{\|AM2916A}} || Quad 3-state registered bus transceiver with 2-port input || 24
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|-
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| {{\|AM2917}}<br />{{\|AM2917A}} || Quad 3-state registered bus transceiver || 20
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2918}}<br />{{\|AM29LS18}} || Quad D register with standard and 3-state outputs || 16, 20
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2919}} || Quad D register with dual 3-state outputs || 20
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2920}} || Octal D [[flip-flop]] register with 3-state control || 22, 24, 28
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2921}} || 1-to-8 [[decoder]] with 3-state outputs || 20
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2922}} || 8-input multiplexer ([[MUX]]) with control register || 20
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2923}} || 8-input multiplexer ([[MUX]]) || 16, 20
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2924}} || 3-to-8 [[decoder]]/[[demultiplexer]] || 16, 20
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2925}} || [[clock generator|Clock generator]] and [[microcycle]] length controller || 24, 28
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2926}}<br />{{\|AM2929}} || 3-state quad bus driver and receiver || 16
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|-
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| {{\|AM2927}}<br />{{\|AM2928}} || Quad 3-state bus transceiver || 20, 28
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2930}} || Program control unit, 4-bit slice address controller for memories || 28
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2932}} || Program control unit with push/pop stack, 4-bit slice address controller for memories || 20, 28
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2940}} || [[direct memory access|DMA]] address generator, cascadable 8-bit slice || 28
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2942}} || Programmable [[timer]]/[[counter]] or [[direct memory access|DMA]] address generator || 22, 28
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2946}}<br />{{\|AM2947}}<br />{{\|AM2948}}<br />{{\|AM2949}} || Octal 3-state bidirectional bus transceiver || 20
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2950}}<br />{{\|AM2951}} || 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with handshake, back-to-back registers || 28
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2952}}<br />{{\|AM2953}} || 8-bit bidirectional I/O port, back-to-back registers || 24
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2954}}<br />{{\|AM2955}} || Octal registers || 20
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2956}}<br />{{\|AM2957}} || Octal latches || 20
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM2958}}<br />{{\|AM2959}} || Octal buffer || 20
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|-
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| {{\|AM2960}}<br />{{\|AM2960A}} || Cascadable 16-bit error detection and correction unit || 48, 52, 68
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|-
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| {{\|AM2961}}<br />{{\|AM2962}} || 4-bit error correction multiple bus buffer || 24
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|-
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| {{\|AM2964}}<br />{{\|AM2964B}} || Dynamic memory controller supporting 16K and 64K [[mosfet|MOS]] dynamic [[random access memory|RAM]] || 40, 44
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2965}}<br />{{\|AM2966}} || Octal dynamic memory driver || 20
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|-
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| {{\|AM2968A}} || Dynamic memory controller supporting 16K, 64K and 256K [[mosfet|MOS]] dynamic [[random access memory|RAM]] || 48, 68
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2969}} || Memory timing controller with [[error detection and correction|EDC]] timing control, supporting 64K, 256K, 1M and 4M [[mosfet|MOS]]  dynamic [[random access memory|RAM]] || 48, 68
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2970}} || Memory timing controller supporting 64K, 256K, 1M and 4M [[mosfet|MOS]]  dynamic [[random access memory|RAM]] || 24
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM2971}}<br />{{\|AM2971A}} || Programmable event generator of 12 simultaneous timing sequences || 24, 44
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|-
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| {{\|AM29700}}<br />{{\|AM29701}} || 16-word by 4-bit Schottky [[random access memory|RAM]] || 16
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM29702}}<br />{{\|AM29703}} || 16-word by 4-bit Schottky [[random access memory|RAM]] || 16
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM29704}}<br />{{\|AM29705}}<br />{{\|AM29705A}} || 16-word by 4-bit, 2-port [[random access memory|RAM]] || 28
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM29707}} || 16-word by 4-bit, 2-port [[random access memory|RAM]] for use with {{\|AM29203}} || 28
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM29720}}<br />{{\|AM29721}} || 256-word by 1-bit low-power Schottky [[random access memory|RAM]] || 16
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|-
 +
| {{\|AM29750A}}<br />{{\|AM29751A}} || 32-word by 8-bit bipolar [[programmable read-only memory|PROM]] || 16
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM29760A}}<br />{{\|AM29761A}} || 256-word by 4-bit bipolar [[programmable read-only memory|PROM]] || 16
 +
|-
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| {{\|AM29770}}<br />{{\|AM29771}} || 512-word by 4-bit bipolar [[programmable read-only memory|PROM]] || 16
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM29774}}<br />{{\|AM29775}} || 512-word by 8-bit bipolar [[programmable read-only memory|PROM]] with register || 22
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM29803A}} || 16-way branch control unit for use with {{\|AM2909A}} || 16
 +
|-
 +
| {{\|AM29811A}} || Next address control unit for use with {{\|AM2911A}} || 16
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
== Documents ==
 +
 
 +
=== Databooks ===
 +
* [[:File:The Am2900 Family Data Book With Related Support Circuits (1979).pdf|The Am2900 Family Data Book With Related Support Circuits (1979)]]
  
−
{{DEFAULTSORT:Am2900}}
 
 
[[Category:AMD microprocessors]]
 
[[Category:AMD microprocessors]]
 
[[Category:4-bit microprocessors]]
 
[[Category:4-bit microprocessors]]
 
[[Category:1975 microprocessors]]
 
[[Category:1975 microprocessors]]
 +
[[Category:microprocessor families]]
 +
[[Category:AMD Am2900 family]]

Latest revision as of 21:55, 18 June 2019

AMD Am2900
Ic-photo-AMD--AM2903ADCB-(AM2900).png
Am2903 Enhanced ALU
Developer AMD
Manufacturer AMD
Type microprocessors
Production 1975-1998
Architecture 4-bit bit-slice
Word size 4 bit
0.5 octets
1 nibbles
Technology Bipolar
Clock 1 MHz-31 MHz
Package DIP40, FP42

The AMD Am2900 is a family of 4-bit bit-slice chips designed by Advanced Micro Devices and introduced to the market in August 1975. Each component represents an individual unit in a microprocessor. Designed to be flexible and expandable, those chips were capable of emulating a large number of existing systems. Made in bipolar technology allowed for higher speeds (1-20Mhz, later up to 32). Its flexibility, higher speed, unusually large amount of 2nd sources, and good marketing allowed AMD to dominate the bit-slice market. The Am2900 family became very popular then and was used as the de facto baseline for bit-slice design.

Design[edit]

The family includes two 4-bit ALUs - 2901 and a 2903. The AM2901/A was the original chip designed, supporting 8 different basic operations. The AM2903/A was an enhanced version designed a bit later to provide a more sophisticated 3-port, 3-address architecture, including 7 additional operations to support multiplication and division. The slices can be stacked to produce any multiple of 4-bit wide data path (8, 12, 16, 32, etc. bits) and memory address for use in larger systems.

New text document.svg This section requires expansion; you can help adding the missing info.

2nd sources[edit]

The Am2900 had a large number of 2nd sources:

75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96
Motorola
Thomson-CSF
Raytheon
National
Fairchild
Signetics
NEC
OKI
Cypress
Vitesse
ВЗПП (VZPP-USSR)

Members[edit]

Family Members
Part Description Pin count
AM2901
AM2901A
AM2901B 		4-bit ALU 40, 42
AM2901C 4-bit ALU, internal ECL circuitry, ultrafast plug-in replacement for the 2901B 40, 42, 44
AM2902 Carry-lookahead generator 16, 20
AM2903
AM2903A 		4-bit ALU, enhanced version of the 2901 48, 52
AM29203 4-bit ALU, enhanced version of the 2903 supporting BCD arithmetics 48, 52
AM2904 Status and shift control unit 40, 42, 44
AM2905 Quad 2-input bus transceiver 24
AM2906 Quad 2-input bus transceiver with parity 24
AM2907
AM2908 		Quad bus transceiver with interface logic 20
AM2909
AM2909A 		4-bit slice cascadable microprogram address sequencer 28
AM2910
AM2910A 		12-bit microprogram address sequencer and controller 40, 42, 44
AM2911
AM2911A 		4-bit slice cascadable microprogram address sequencer 20
AM2912 Quad bus transceiver 16
AM2913 Priority interrupt expander 20
AM2914 Vectored priority interrupt controller 40, 42, 44
AM2915
AM2915A
AM2916
AM2916A 		Quad 3-state registered bus transceiver with 2-port input 24
AM2917
AM2917A 		Quad 3-state registered bus transceiver 20
AM2918
AM29LS18 		Quad D register with standard and 3-state outputs 16, 20
AM2919 Quad D register with dual 3-state outputs 20
AM2920 Octal D flip-flop register with 3-state control 22, 24, 28
AM2921 1-to-8 decoder with 3-state outputs 20
AM2922 8-input multiplexer (MUX) with control register 20
AM2923 8-input multiplexer (MUX) 16, 20
AM2924 3-to-8 decoder/demultiplexer 16, 20
AM2925 Clock generator and microcycle length controller 24, 28
AM2926
AM2929 		3-state quad bus driver and receiver 16
AM2927
AM2928 		Quad 3-state bus transceiver 20, 28
AM2930 Program control unit, 4-bit slice address controller for memories 28
AM2932 Program control unit with push/pop stack, 4-bit slice address controller for memories 20, 28
AM2940 DMA address generator, cascadable 8-bit slice 28
AM2942 Programmable timer/counter or DMA address generator 22, 28
AM2946
AM2947
AM2948
AM2949 		Octal 3-state bidirectional bus transceiver 20
AM2950
AM2951 		8-bit bidirectional I/O port with handshake, back-to-back registers 28
AM2952
AM2953 		8-bit bidirectional I/O port, back-to-back registers 24
AM2954
AM2955 		Octal registers 20
AM2956
AM2957 		Octal latches 20
AM2958
AM2959 		Octal buffer 20
AM2960
AM2960A 		Cascadable 16-bit error detection and correction unit 48, 52, 68
AM2961
AM2962 		4-bit error correction multiple bus buffer 24
AM2964
AM2964B 		Dynamic memory controller supporting 16K and 64K MOS dynamic RAM 40, 44
AM2965
AM2966 		Octal dynamic memory driver 20
AM2968A Dynamic memory controller supporting 16K, 64K and 256K MOS dynamic RAM 48, 68
AM2969 Memory timing controller with EDC timing control, supporting 64K, 256K, 1M and 4M MOS dynamic RAM 48, 68
AM2970 Memory timing controller supporting 64K, 256K, 1M and 4M MOS dynamic RAM 24
AM2971
AM2971A 		Programmable event generator of 12 simultaneous timing sequences 24, 44
AM29700
AM29701 		16-word by 4-bit Schottky RAM 16
AM29702
AM29703 		16-word by 4-bit Schottky RAM 16
AM29704
AM29705
AM29705A 		16-word by 4-bit, 2-port RAM 28
AM29707 16-word by 4-bit, 2-port RAM for use with AM29203 28
AM29720
AM29721 		256-word by 1-bit low-power Schottky RAM 16
AM29750A
AM29751A 		32-word by 8-bit bipolar PROM 16
AM29760A
AM29761A 		256-word by 4-bit bipolar PROM 16
AM29770
AM29771 		512-word by 4-bit bipolar PROM 16
AM29774
AM29775 		512-word by 8-bit bipolar PROM with register 22
AM29803A 16-way branch control unit for use with AM2909A 16
AM29811A Next address control unit for use with AM2911A 16

Documents[edit]

Databooks[edit]

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Facts about "Am2900 - AMD"
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designerAMD +
full page nameamd/am2900 +
instance ofmicroprocessor family +
main designerAMD +
manufacturerAMD +
nameAMD Am2900 +
packageDIP40 + and FP42 +
technologyBipolar +
word size4 bit (0.5 octets, 1 nibbles) +