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Skylake's memory subsystem is in charge of the loads and store requests and ordering. Since {{\\|Haswell}}, it's possible to sustain two memory reads (on ports 2 and 3) and one memory write (on port 4) each cycle. Each memory operation can be of any register size up to 256 bits. Skylake memory subsystem has been improved. The store buffer has been increased by 42 entries from {{\\|Broadwell}} to 56 for a total of 128 simultaneous memory operations in-flight or roughly 60% of all µOPs. Special care was taken to reduce the penalty for page-split loads; previously scenarios involving page-split loads were thought to be rarer than they actually are. This was addressed in Skylake with page-split loads are now made equal to other splits loads. Expect page split load penalty down to 5 cycles from 100 cycles in {{\\|Broadwell}}. The average latency to forward a load to store has also been improved and stores that miss in the L1$ generate L2$ requests to the next level cache much earlier in Skylake than before. | Skylake's memory subsystem is in charge of the loads and store requests and ordering. Since {{\\|Haswell}}, it's possible to sustain two memory reads (on ports 2 and 3) and one memory write (on port 4) each cycle. Each memory operation can be of any register size up to 256 bits. Skylake memory subsystem has been improved. The store buffer has been increased by 42 entries from {{\\|Broadwell}} to 56 for a total of 128 simultaneous memory operations in-flight or roughly 60% of all µOPs. Special care was taken to reduce the penalty for page-split loads; previously scenarios involving page-split loads were thought to be rarer than they actually are. This was addressed in Skylake with page-split loads are now made equal to other splits loads. Expect page split load penalty down to 5 cycles from 100 cycles in {{\\|Broadwell}}. The average latency to forward a load to store has also been improved and stores that miss in the L1$ generate L2$ requests to the next level cache much earlier in Skylake than before. | ||
− | The L2 to L1 bandwidth in Skylake is the same as {{\\|Haswell}} at 64 bytes per cycle in either direction. Note that one operation can be done each cycle; i.e., the L1 can either receive data from the | + | The L2 to L1 bandwidth in Skylake is the same as {{\\|Haswell}} at 64 bytes per cycle in either direction. Note that one operation can be done each cycle; i.e., the L1 can either receive data from the L1 or send data to the Load/Store buffers each cycle, but not both. Latency from L2$ to L3$ has also been decreased from 4 cycles/line to 2 cycles/line. The bandwidth from the level 2 cache to the shared level 3 is 32 bytes per cycle. |
=== eDRAM architectural changes === | === eDRAM architectural changes === |
Facts about "Skylake (client) - Microarchitectures - Intel"
codename | Skylake (client) + |
core count | 2 + and 4 + |
designer | Intel + |
first launched | August 5, 2015 + |
full page name | intel/microarchitectures/skylake (client) + |
instance of | microarchitecture + |
instruction set architecture | x86-64 + |
manufacturer | Intel + |
microarchitecture type | CPU + |
name | Skylake (client) + |
pipeline stages (max) | 19 + |
pipeline stages (min) | 14 + |
process | 14 nm (0.014 μm, 1.4e-5 mm) + |