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Announced in September 2017, Loihi is predominantly a research chip meaning performance characteristics are not guaranteed. This is Intel's 5th chip in the neuromorphic category. The first three chips were early internal test chips while the fourth is a [[10 nm]] wafer-level probe study. Loihi consists of an asynchronous [[spiking neural network]] (SNN) meaning instead of manipulating signals, the chip sends spikes along activate synapses. Connections are asynchronous and highly timed based. Neuromorphic cores containing many neurons are interlinked and receive spikes from elsewhere in the network. When received spikes accumulate for a certain period of time and reach a set threshold, the core will fire off its own spikes to its connected neurons. Preceding spikes reinforce each other and the neuron connections while spikes that follow will inhibit the connection, declining the connectivity until all activities are halted. | Announced in September 2017, Loihi is predominantly a research chip meaning performance characteristics are not guaranteed. This is Intel's 5th chip in the neuromorphic category. The first three chips were early internal test chips while the fourth is a [[10 nm]] wafer-level probe study. Loihi consists of an asynchronous [[spiking neural network]] (SNN) meaning instead of manipulating signals, the chip sends spikes along activate synapses. Connections are asynchronous and highly timed based. Neuromorphic cores containing many neurons are interlinked and receive spikes from elsewhere in the network. When received spikes accumulate for a certain period of time and reach a set threshold, the core will fire off its own spikes to its connected neurons. Preceding spikes reinforce each other and the neuron connections while spikes that follow will inhibit the connection, declining the connectivity until all activities are halted. | ||
− | The chip was initially tested and simulated using FPGAs. Actual silicon implementations arrived in late November. | + | The chip was initially tested and simulated using FPGAs. Actual silicon implementations arrived in late November. Loihi is fabricated on Intel's [[14 nm process]] and has a total of 130,000 artificial neurons and 130 million synapses. In addition to the 128 neuromorphic cores, there are 3 managing {{intel|Lakemont|l=arch|Lakemont cores}}. |
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− | Loihi is fabricated on Intel's [[14 nm process]] and has a total of 130,000 artificial neurons and 130 million synapses. In addition to the 128 neuromorphic cores, there are 3 managing {{intel|Lakemont|l=arch|Lakemont cores}}. | ||
== Architecture == | == Architecture == |
Facts about "Loihi - Intel"
back image | + |
core voltage (max) | 1.25 V (12.5 dV, 125 cV, 1,250 mV) + |
core voltage (min) | 0.5 V (5 dV, 50 cV, 500 mV) + |
designer | Intel + |
die area | 60 mm² (0.093 in², 0.6 cm², 60,000,000 µm²) + |
first announced | September 25, 2017 + |
first launched | January 2018 + |
full page name | intel/loihi + |
instance of | neuromorphic chip + |
ldate | January 2018 + |
main image | + |
manufacturer | Intel + |
market segment | Artificial Intelligence + |
max cpu count | 16,384 + |
name | Loihi + |
neuron count | 131,072 + |
process | 14 nm (0.014 μm, 1.4e-5 mm) + |
smp max ways | 16,384 + |
synapse count | 130,000,000 + |
technology | CMOS + |
transistor count | 2,070,000,000 + |