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|core names=Yes
 
|core names=Yes
 
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'''Zen''' ('''family 17h''') is the [[microarchitecture]] developed by [[AMD]] as a successor to both {{\\|Excavator}} and {{\\|Puma}}. Zen is an entirely new design, built from the ground up for optimal balance of performance and power capable of covering the entire computing spectrum from fanless notebooks to high-performance desktop computers. Zen was officially launched on March 2, [[2017]]. Zen was replaced by {{\\|Zen+}} in [[2018]].
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'''Zen''' ('''family 17h''') is the [[microarchitecture]] developed by [[AMD]] as a successor to both {{\\|Excavator}} and {{\\|Puma}}. Zen is an entirely new design, built from the ground up for optimal balance of performance and power capable of covering the entire computing spectrum from fanless notebooks to high-performance desktop computers. Zen was officially launched on March 2, [[2017]]. Zen is set to be gradually replaced by {{\\|Zen+}}.
  
For performance desktop and mobile computing, Zen is branded as {{amd|Athlon}}, {{amd|Ryzen 3}}, {{amd|Ryzen 5}}, {{amd|Ryzen 7}}, {{amd|Ryzen 9}} and {{amd|Ryzen Threadripper}} processors. For servers, Zen is branded as {{amd|EPYC}}.
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For performance desktop and mobile computing, Zen is branded as {{amd|Ryzen 3}}, {{amd|Ryzen 5}}, {{amd|Ryzen 7}} and {{amd|Ryzen Threadripper}} processors. For servers, Zen is branded as {{amd|EPYC}}.
  
 
== Etymology ==
 
== Etymology ==
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|-
 
|-
 
| {{amd|Raven Ridge|l=core}} || Up to 4/8 || Mobile processors with {{\\|Vega}} GPU
 
| {{amd|Raven Ridge|l=core}} || Up to 4/8 || Mobile processors with {{\\|Vega}} GPU
|-
 
| Dali || Up to 2/4 || Budget mobile processors with {{\\|Vega}} GPU
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| {{amd|Snowy Owl|l=core}} || Up to 16/32 || Embedded edge processors
 
| {{amd|Snowy Owl|l=core}} || Up to 16/32 || Embedded edge processors
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:amd ryzen 5 logo.png|75px|link=Ryzen 5]] || rowspan="2" | {{amd|Ryzen 5}} || rowspan="2" | Mid-range Performance || [[quad-core|Quad]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|some}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}}
 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:amd ryzen 5 logo.png|75px|link=Ryzen 5]] || rowspan="2" | {{amd|Ryzen 5}} || rowspan="2" | Mid-range Performance || [[quad-core|Quad]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|some}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}}
 
|-
 
|-
| [[hexa-core|Hexa]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}}
+
| [[hexa-core|Hexa]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|some}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[File:amd ryzen 7 logo.png|75px|link=Ryzen 7]] || {{amd|Ryzen 7}} || High-end Performance || [[octa-core|Octa]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}}
 
| [[File:amd ryzen 7 logo.png|75px|link=Ryzen 7]] || {{amd|Ryzen 7}} || High-end Performance || [[octa-core|Octa]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}}
|-
 
| [[File:amd ryzen 9 logo.png|75px|link=Ryzen 7]] || {{amd|Ryzen 9}} || High-end Performance || [[12 cores|12]]-[[16 cores|16]] || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}} || {{tchk|yes}} || {{tchk|no}}
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
! colspan="11" | Enthusiasts / Workstations
 
! colspan="11" | Enthusiasts / Workstations
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| ex 3 7    = U
 
| ex 3 7    = U
 
| desc 1    = '''Brand Name'''<br><table><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''{{amd|Ryzen}}'''</td><td></td></tr></table>
 
| desc 1    = '''Brand Name'''<br><table><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''{{amd|Ryzen}}'''</td><td></td></tr></table>
| desc 2    = '''Market segment'''<br><table><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''3'''</td><td>Low-end performance</td></tr><tr><td>'''5'''</td><td>Mid-range performance</td></tr><tr><td>'''7'''</td><td>Enthusiast / High-end performance</td></tr><tr><td>'''9'''</td><td>High-end performance / Workstation</td></tr><tr><td>'''Threadripper'''</td><td>High-end performance / Workstation</td></tr></table>
+
| desc 2    = '''Market segment'''<br><table><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''3'''</td><td>Low-end performance</td></tr><tr><td>'''5'''</td><td>Mid-range performance</td></tr><tr><td>'''7'''</td><td>Enthusiast / High-end performance</td></tr><tr><td>'''Threadripper'''</td><td>High-end performance/ Workstation</td></tr></table>
 
| desc 3    =  
 
| desc 3    =  
| desc 4    = '''Generation'''<br><table><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''1'''</td><td>First generation Zen (2017)</td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''2'''</td><td>First generation Zen for Mobile and Desktop APUs (2017); First generation Zen with enhanced node (Zen+)(2018)</td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''3'''</td><td>First generation Zen with enhanced node (Zen+) for Mobile and Desktop APUs (2019); Second generation Zen (Zen 2)(2019)</td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''4'''</td><td>Second generation Zen (Zen 2) for Mobile and Desktop APUs (2020)</td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''5'''</td><td>Third generation Zen (Zen 3)(2020)</td></tr></table>
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| desc 4    = '''Generation'''<br><table><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''1'''</td><td>First generation Zen (2017)</td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''2'''</td><td>First generation Zen (2017) for Mobile APUs; First generation Zen with enhanced node (2018)</td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''3'''</td><td>First generation Zen with enhanced node(2018) for Mobile APUs; Second generation Zen (Zen2)(2019)</td></tr></table>
| desc 5    = '''Performance Level'''<br><table><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''9'''</td><td>Extreme (Ryzen Threadripper & Ryzen 9)</td></tr><tr><td>'''8'''</td><td>Highest (Ryzen 7)</td></tr><tr><td>'''6-7'''</td><td>High (Ryzen 5 & 7)</td></tr><tr><td>'''4-5'''</td><td>Mid (Ryzen 5)</td></tr><tr><td>'''1-3'''</td><td>Low (Ryzen 3)</td></tr></table>
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| desc 5    = '''Performance Level'''<br><table><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''9'''</td><td>Extreme (Ryzen Threadripper)</td></tr><tr><td>'''8'''</td><td>Highest (Ryzen 7)</td></tr><tr><td>'''6-7'''</td><td>High (Ryzen 5 & 7)</td></tr><tr><td>'''4-5'''</td><td>Mid (Ryzen 5)</td></tr><tr><td>'''1-3'''</td><td>Low (Ryzen 3)</td></tr></table>
 
| desc 6    = '''Model Number'''<br>Speed bump and/or differentiator for high core count chips (8 cores+).
 
| desc 6    = '''Model Number'''<br>Speed bump and/or differentiator for high core count chips (8 cores+).
| desc 7    = '''Power Segment'''<br><table><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''(none)'''</td><td>Standard Desktop</td></tr><tr><td>'''U'''</td><td>Standard Mobile</td></tr><tr><td>'''X'''</td><td>High Performance, with XFR</td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''WX'''</td><td>High Core Count Workstation</td></tr><tr><td>'''G'''</td><td>Desktop + [[IGP]]</td></tr><tr><td>'''E'''</td><td>Low-power Desktop</td></tr><tr><td>'''GE'''</td><td>Low-power Desktop + [[IGP]]</td></tr><tr><td>'''M'''</td><td>Low-power Mobile</td></tr><tr><td>'''H'''</td><td>High-performance Mobile</td></tr><tr><td>'''S'''</td><td>Slim Mobile</td></tr><tr><td>'''HS'''</td><td>High-Performance Slim Mobile</td></tr><tr><td>'''XT'''</td><td>Extreme</td></tr></table>
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| desc 7    = '''Power Segment'''<br><table><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''(none)'''</td><td>Standard Desktop</td></tr><tr><td>'''U'''</td><td>Standard Mobile</td></tr><tr><td>'''X'''</td><td>High Performance, with XFR</td></tr><tr><td style="width: 50px;">'''WX'''</td><td>High Core Count Workstation</td></tr><tr><td>'''G'''</td><td>Desktop + [[IGP]]</td></tr><tr><td>'''E'''</td><td>Low-power Desktop</td></tr><tr><td>'''S'''</td><td>Low-power Desktop + [[IGP]]</td></tr><tr><td>'''M'''</td><td>Low-power Mobile</td></tr><tr><td>'''H'''</td><td>High-performance Mobile</td></tr></table>
 
}}
 
}}
  
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** System DRAM:
 
** System DRAM:
 
*** 2 channels per die
 
*** 2 channels per die
*** Summit Ridge: up to PC4-21300U (DDR4-2666 UDIMM), ECC supported
+
*** Summit Ridge: up to PC4-21300U (DDR4-2666 UDIMM)
*** Raven Ridge: up to PC4-23466U (DDR4-2933 UDIMM), ECC supported by PRO models
+
*** Raven Ridge: up to PC4-23466U (DDR4-2933 UDIMM)
*** Naples: up to PC4-21300L (DDR4-2666 RDIMM/LRDIMM), ECC supported
+
*** Naples: up to PC4-21300L (DDR4-2666 RDIMM/LRDIMM)
*** ECC: x4 DRAM device failure correction (Chipkill), x8 SEC-DED ECC, Patrol and Demand scrubbing, Data poisoning
+
*** ECC support: x4 DRAM device failure correction (Chipkill), x8 SEC-DED ECC, Patrol and Demand scrubbing, Data poisoning
  
 
Zen TLB consists of dedicated level one TLB for instruction cache and another one for data cache.
 
Zen TLB consists of dedicated level one TLB for instruction cache and another one for data cache.
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Decoding is done by the 4 Zen decoders. The decode stage allows for four [[x86]] instructions to be decoded per cycle which are in turn sent to the µOP Queue. Previously, in the {{\\|Bulldozer}}/{{\\|Jaguar}}-based designs AMD had two paths: a FastPath Single which emitted a single MOP and a FastPath Double which emitted two MOPs which are in turn sent down the pipe to the schedulers. Michael Clark (Zen's lead architect) noted that Zen has significantly denser MOPs meaning almost all instructions will be a FastPath Single (i.e., one to one transformations). What would normally get broken down into two MOPs in {{\\|Bulldozer}} is now translated into a single dense MOP. It's for those reasons that while up to 8MOPs/cycle can be emitted, usually only 4MOPs/cycle are emitted from the [[instruction decoder|decoders]].
 
Decoding is done by the 4 Zen decoders. The decode stage allows for four [[x86]] instructions to be decoded per cycle which are in turn sent to the µOP Queue. Previously, in the {{\\|Bulldozer}}/{{\\|Jaguar}}-based designs AMD had two paths: a FastPath Single which emitted a single MOP and a FastPath Double which emitted two MOPs which are in turn sent down the pipe to the schedulers. Michael Clark (Zen's lead architect) noted that Zen has significantly denser MOPs meaning almost all instructions will be a FastPath Single (i.e., one to one transformations). What would normally get broken down into two MOPs in {{\\|Bulldozer}} is now translated into a single dense MOP. It's for those reasons that while up to 8MOPs/cycle can be emitted, usually only 4MOPs/cycle are emitted from the [[instruction decoder|decoders]].
  
Dispatch is capable of sending up to 6 µOP to [[Integer]] EX and an up to 4 µOP to the [[Floating Point]] (FP) EX. Zen can dispatch to both at the same time (i.e. for a maximum of 10 µOP per cycle), however, since the retire control unit (RCU) can only handle up to 6 MOPs/cycle, the effective number of dispatched µOPs is likely lower.
+
Dispatch is capable of sending up to 6 µOP to [[Integer]] EX and an additional 4 µOP to the [[Floating Point]] (FP) EX. Zen can dispatch to both at the same time (i.e. for a maximum of 10 µOP per cycle).
  
 
====== MSROM ======
 
====== MSROM ======
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A number of optimization opportunities are exploited at this stage.
 
A number of optimization opportunities are exploited at this stage.
 
====== Stack Engine ======
 
====== Stack Engine ======
At the decode stage Zen incorporates the the Stack Engine Memfile (SEM). Note that while AMD refers to SEM as a new unit, they have had a Stack Engine in their designs since {{\\|K10}}. The Memfile sits between the queue and dispatch monitoring the MOP traffic. The Memfile is capable of performing [[store-to-load forwarding]] right at dispatch for loads that trail behind known stores with physical addresses. Other things such as eliminating stack PUSH/POP operations are also done at this stage so they are effectively a zero-latency instructions; proceeding instructions that rely on the stack pointer are not delayed. This is a fairly effective low-power solution that off-loads some of the work that would otherwise be done by [[AGU]].
+
At the decode stage Zen incorporates the the Stack Engine Memfile (SEM). Note that while AMD refers to SEM as a new unit, they have had a Stack Engine in their designs since {{\\|K10}}. The Memfile sits between the queue and dispatch monitoring the MOP traffic. The Memfile is capable of performing [[store-to-load forwarding]] right at dispatch for loads that trail behind known stores with physical addresses. Other things such as eliminating stack PUSH/POP operations are also done at this stage so they are effectively a zero-latency instructions; proceeding instructions that relay on the stack pointer are not delayed. This is a fairly effective low-power solution that off-loads some of the work that would otherwise be done by [[AGU]].
  
 
====== µOP-Fusion  ======
 
====== µOP-Fusion  ======
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==== Memory Subsystem ====
 
==== Memory Subsystem ====
 
[[File:amd zen hc28 memory.png|300px|right]]
 
[[File:amd zen hc28 memory.png|300px|right]]
Loads and Stores are conducted via the two AGUs which can operate simultaneously. Zen has a 44-entry Load Queue and a 44-entry Store Queue. Taking the two 14-entry deep AGU schedulers into account, the processor can keep up to 72 out-of-order loads in flight (same as Intel's {{intel|Skylake|l=arch}}). Zen employs a split TLB-data pipe design which allows TLB tag access to take place while the data cache is being fed in order to determine if the data is available and send their address to the L2 to start prefetching early on. Zen is capable of up to two loads per cycle (2x16B each) and up to one store per cycle (1x16B). The L1 TLB is 64-entry for all page sizes and the L2 TLB is a 1536-entry with no 1 GiB pages.
+
Loads and Stores are conducted via the two AGUs which can operate simultaneously. Zen has a much larger load queue capable of supporting 72 out-of-order loads (same as Intel's {{intel|Skylake|l=arch}}). There is also a 44-entry Store Queue. Zen employs a split TLB-data pipe design which allows TLB tag access to take place while the data cache is being fed in order to determine if the data is available and send their address to the L2 to start prefetching early on. Zen is capable of up to two loads per cycle (2x16B each) and up to one store per cycle (1x16B). The L1 TLB is 64-entry for all page sizes and the L2 TLB is a 1536-entry with no 1 GiB pages.
  
 
Zen incorporates a 64 KiB 4-way set associative L1 instruction cache and a 32 KiB 8-way set associative L1 data cache. Both the instruction cache and the data cache can fetch from the L2 cache at 32 Bytes per cycle. The L2 cache is a 512 KiB 8-way set associative unified cache, inclusive, and private to the core. The L2 cache can fetch and write 32B/cycle into the 8MB L3 cache (32B in either direction each cycle, i.e. bidirectional bus).
 
Zen incorporates a 64 KiB 4-way set associative L1 instruction cache and a 32 KiB 8-way set associative L1 data cache. Both the instruction cache and the data cache can fetch from the L2 cache at 32 Bytes per cycle. The L2 cache is a 512 KiB 8-way set associative unified cache, inclusive, and private to the core. The L2 cache can fetch and write 32B/cycle into the 8MB L3 cache (32B in either direction each cycle, i.e. bidirectional bus).
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{{comp table end}}
 
{{comp table end}}
  
== Designers ==
+
== References ==
* Mike Clark, chief architect
 
 
 
== Bibliography ==
 
 
* IEEE Hot Chips 28 Symposium (HCS) 2016
 
* IEEE Hot Chips 28 Symposium (HCS) 2016
 
* AMD x86 Memory Encryption Technologies, Linux Security Summit 2016, David Kaplan, Security Architect, August 25, 2016
 
* AMD x86 Memory Encryption Technologies, Linux Security Summit 2016, David Kaplan, Security Architect, August 25, 2016

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codenameZen +
core count4 +, 6 +, 8 +, 16 +, 24 +, 32 + and 12 +
designerAMD +
first launchedMarch 2, 2017 +
full page nameamd/microarchitectures/zen +
instance ofmicroarchitecture +
instruction set architecturex86-64 +
manufacturerGlobalFoundries +
microarchitecture typeCPU +
nameZen +
pipeline stages19 +
process14 nm (0.014 μm, 1.4e-5 mm) +